棉花高品质纤维性状的主基因与多基因遗传分析  

Major-polygene Effect Analysis of Super Quality Fiber Properties in Upland Cotton ( G. hirsutum L.)

作　　者：袁有禄[1] 张天真[1] 郭旺珍[1] John Yu RussellJ Kohel 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学作物遗传与种质创新国家重点实验室 [2]USDA,ARS,SouthernPlainAgricultureResearchCenter,CropGermplasmResearchUnit

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2002年第9期827-834,共8页

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 (3 983 0 2 40 ;3 0 0 70 483 ) ;教育部跨世纪优秀人才基金 ;江苏省自然科学基金 (BK990 5 2 )资助~~

摘　　要：利用主基因与多基因混合遗传模型联合分析方法 ,通过纤维强度不同的 5个亲本配制的 8个组合 ,研究了棉花主要纤维品质性状的遗传。联合分析发现 ,在不同性状不同组配方式的 14个组合中 ,有 12个存在主基因 ,表明了纤维性状主基因存在的普遍性 ,以F2∶3 家系的预测效果最好 ;双亲纤维品质性状均存在较大差异的组合——— 72 35×TM1F2 代强度主基因的遗传率为 0 .196 ,麦克隆值为 0 .32 0 ,长度为 0 .139,回交世代的主基因遗传率小。除纤维长度总的显性效应为较高的正值外 ,其余各纤维性状的主基因显性与多基因显性的总和为负值或接近 0 ,杂合状态下大多数纤维品质性状表型值会偏向中亲值或低亲值 ,单纯依靠表型选择效率低。因此 。The modern textile industry depends on the improvement of fiber quality, especially strength to meet the needs of higher spinning speed. Inheritance of super quality fiber properties in Upland cotton was conducted in the present paper. P 1?P 2?F 1?B 1?B 2 and F 2 of eight crosses from five parents with different fiber strength, i. e. 7235×TM1, TM1×7235, HS42×TM1, PD69×TM1, MD51×TM1, 7235×HS42, 7235×PD69 and HS42×PD69, and F 2∶3 for 7235×TM1, were used in the study. The materials were planted in Nanjing or Hainan in 1998 and 1999, the individual plant fiber samples were tested with HVI system in Cotton Research Institute of CAAS at Anyang. The segregation analysis methods for major genes plus polygene mixed inheritance model developed by Gai were used to identify the genetic system of fiber qualities. The results from joint analyses of multiple segregating generations as well as single segregating generations, especially for F 2∶3 , showed one major gene plus polygene mixed inheritance model in all fiber quality characters. The heritability values of major gene in F 2 of 7235×TM1 with great parent difference were estimated as 19.6% for fiber strength, 32.0% for micronaire and 13.9% for fiber length, but little in B 1 and B 2 for fiber qualities. Thefiber length showed high and positive dominant effect, but negative value or zero of major or polygene dominant effects for other fiber qualities. Therefore, Mid parent value or tendency to lower parent in F 1 for most of fiber qualities lead to low selection efficiency, which suggests that molecular assisted selection should be considered at first in the improvement of fiber qualities.

关 键 词：陆地棉 纤维品质 多世代联合分离分析 棉花 高品质纤维性状 主基因 多基因遗传分析 

分 类 号：S562.02[农业科学—作物学]