松墨天牛信息化合物在不同缓释载体上的释放速率  

Research on Release Rates of Semiochemicals of Monochamus alternatus

作　　者：朱诚棋 陈家颖[1] 马涛[1] 牟静[1] 秦文权[1] 温秀军[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学与风景园林学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2017年第2期315-321,共7页Forest Research

基　　金：中央财政林业科技推广示范项目(2015)GDTK-09;国家林业公益性行业科研专项(201304401)

摘　　要：[目的]为研究目前常用的4种缓释载体对松墨天牛信息化合物的释放速率,以筛选合适的缓释材料应用于仿生诱芯制作。[方法]选用(+)-α-蒎烯、(-)-β-蒎烯、2-十一烷氧基-1-乙醇,按9∶1∶1的成分比配制成引诱剂,聚乙烯缓释瓶A(LDPE)、聚乙烯缓释瓶B(HDPE)、聚乙烯管(PE)及灯芯瓶(PP)作为松墨天牛信息化合物的缓释材料,制作成松墨天牛诱芯悬挂于室外,并以APF-Ⅰ型松墨天牛引诱剂为对照。每5 d称量诱芯的重量并对缓释材料内的引诱剂成分进行GC分析,连续观察记录60 d,探究不同材料的缓释效果。[结果]灯芯瓶作为缓释材料,能使三种松墨天牛信息化合物比例长时间保持在较好水平,60 d后三种组分的相对含量分别为85.69%、9.23%、5.08%,缺点在于日挥发量较低。而聚乙烯缓释瓶A、聚乙烯缓释瓶B、聚乙烯管三种缓释材料组分挥发比例不协调,表现在聚乙烯缓释瓶A不能在较长时间内保持初始组分比例,物质释放在第19 d达到高峰,然后迅速下降并保持低释放水平;聚乙烯缓释瓶B中信息化合物的释放速率长期处于不稳定状态,第34 d是其释放速率的高峰,但该缓释材料能将释放量长期处于较高释放水平;聚乙烯管能在初期测试时就达到释放最高水平,然后随观测时间推移释放量持续下降,不能保持长时间高释放量。[结论]对照常见的APF-Ⅰ缓释材料,聚乙烯管缓释曲线最接近。实验明确了松墨天牛信息化合物在4种常用缓释载体上的释放模式及释放动态特征,能对缓释材料的选择应用提供指导,但这些材料都有一定缺陷,有必要加强对松墨天牛引诱剂缓释材料的进一步研究。To study the release rates of different types of commonly used dispensers in order to select the suitable dispensers.[Method]Selecting 3 major semiochemicals of Monochamus alternatus including （＋）-α-Pinene, （-）-β-Pinene, and 2-undecyloxy-1-ethanol which were loaded with different amounts in a 9：1：1 ratio in 4 dispensers. The release rates of these compounds from LDPE bottle （3 mL）,HDPE bottle （13 mL）,PE tube, and PP bottle （14 mL） were evaluated by using Gravimetric method and Gas chromatography analysis. The results were compared with APF-I lures under the same environmental conditions as 28±3℃, 75±10%RH. [Result]The results indicated that the wick bottle can keep the three compounds releasing at a good and stable level for 70 days. The proportions of the three semiochemicals in the end were 85.69%, 9.23%, and 5.08%, respectively. The release rates of the three semiochemicals of M. alternatus from Wick bottle maintained a relatively low level over the whole testing period. The LDPE bottle, HDPE bottle and PE tube can not keep a stable proportion of the three components. The release rates from LDPE bottle increased during the 4th to the 19th days with a peak of released rates at the 19th day, and then dropped to and maintained at a low level after its peak. The three semiochemicals from the HDPE bottle maintained a high release rate but varied during the whole observation period; and reached the peak at the 34th day. The dynamic release pattern of semiochemicals from PE tube was similar with APF-I. [Conclusion]Studies on the release patterns of different types of dispensers could help us understand the dynamic releasing characteristics. And the result would provide some effective information on the selection of suitable dispensers. It is needed to indicate that these dispensers have some defects, and it is necessary to strengthen the research on lure sustained-release materials.

关 键 词：松墨天牛 信息化合物 缓释材料 缓释 

分 类 号：S763[农业科学—森林保护学]