基于污染权角度的东苕溪流域生态补偿标准研究  

On the Economic Compensation Standard of East Tiaoxi River Basin from the Perspective of Pollution Rights

作　　者：袁瑞娟[1] 裴雨丹 

机构地区：[1]浙江理工大学经济管理学院 [2]浙江绍兴银行股份有限公司

出　　处：《鄱阳湖学刊》2017年第2期95-99,共5页Journal of Poyang Lake

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目"东苕溪流域生态补偿标准选择研究"(14YJCZH194);国家留学基金资助项目(201508330611)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：虽然从长期来看,经济发展与环境之间可以形成良好的互动关系,但是在工业化时期,经济发展往往会对环境产生负面影响。本文认为,流域上下游应该具有同等的污染权,流域上游为了保护整个流域的环境而放弃的污染权应该得到补偿。下游补偿上游的标准采用机会成本法进行测算,即由于放弃一定量的污染权而使得经济发展上承受的损失。基于以上思想,本文构建了一个流域生态补偿标准测算模型并应用于东苕溪流域的分析,测算出东苕溪流域的上游(临安市)2010—2013年放弃的工业废水排放权为4418.45万吨,因而东苕溪流域的下游(杭州市区)应向临安市补偿174.44亿元的生态补偿金额,用以平衡两地经济发展与环境保护。Economic development and environment can form a positive interrelationship in the long run. Howev-er, economic development usually does harm to environment especially in the industrialization period. This paper argues that residents living upstream and downstream should have the same pollution rights, and therefore the upstream residents should be compensated for giving up their pollution rights to protect the environment of the whole river valley. The compensation standard can be calculated based on the opportunity cost theory, which measures the loss in economic development due to abandoning some pollution rights. An econometric-based model thus constructed and applied to the analysis of East Tiaoxi River Basin shows that the upstream city Lin'an has abandoned the right of discharging 44.1845 million-ton industrial effluent from 2010 to 2013, so the downstream city Hangzhou should pay RMB 17.444 billion to Lin'an as compensation to balance the economic development and environmental protection for both upstream and downstream areas.

关 键 词：流域生态补偿 污染权 东苕溪 机会成本 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]