甘肃省土壤有机质提升技术模式对土壤耕层养分影响初探  

Influences of technology patterns of enhancing soil organic matter on soil nutrients in Gansu Province

作　　者：崔增团 郭世乾 赵凡[2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省耕地质量建设管理总站,甘肃兰州730020 [2]甘肃省榆中县农业技术推广中心,甘肃榆中730100

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2017年第2期134-142,171,共10页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

基　　金：基金项目 甘财农〔2010〕208号

摘　　要：对甘肃省11个地区的75个对比试验点实施土壤有机质提升技术模式前后的土壤有机质进行差异显著性假设测验及土壤样本频数分布变化特点分析,研究表明:秸秆及绿肥还田后与还田前比较,土壤有机质平均增加0.569 g·kg-1,增加4.43%,11个地区土壤有机质含量在秸秆或绿肥还田后与还田前的差异显著性假设测验中,10个地区达到显著水平。全省各试验点秸秆与绿肥还田的作物产量较对照增产率在-1.74%~15.4%之间,平均为5.2%。有机质与全氮,有效磷、CEC和全磷有稳定的正相关关系,伴随着有机质的提高,土壤有效磷、全磷和CEC有同步提高的趋势。全省各点秸秆及绿肥还田后与还田前土壤有机质及对照的土壤有机质含量频数分布呈偏态的正态分布,其峰偏向较大数值,说明有机质提升措施实施后,秸秆及绿肥还田的土壤有机质增加的样点较对照田多且集中度高。结果表明,秸秆及绿肥还田等措施增加土壤有机质及耕层养分含量,提高土壤肥力的效果明显。With the data from 75 comparison test sites in 11 regions in Gansu Province,the significant difference hypothesis test and frequency distribution characteristics of soil samples were conducted to evaluate the changes of soil nutrients before and after the implementation of soil organic matter(SOM) enhancing technology. The results showed that the soil organic matter after straw and green manure returning was increased by 0. 569 g·kg-1in average,and the increase rate was 4. 43%. Among the 11 regions,10 reached significant level in the significant difference hypothesis test of soil organic matter content before and after straw or manure returning. Compared with control,the crop yield under straw and manure returning was increased by-1. 74% to 15. 4%,or 5. 2% in average. There was a stable positive correlation between organic matter and total nitrogen,available phosphorus,CEC as well as total phosphorus,thus soil available phosphorus,total phosphorus and CEC tended to increase along with the increase of soil organic matter. The content of soil organic matter in all the comparison test sites showed a partial state of normal distribution,and the peak was partial to high value,so there were more soil samples with increased organic matter under the treatment of straw and green manure returning compared with that under control.Therefore,the measure of straw and green manure returning could increase the content of organic matter and nutrients in plough layer,and improve soil fertility obviously.

关 键 词：有机质 秸秆还田 土壤肥力因子 差异显著性假设测验 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]