散体矿岩重力流放出体形态变化规律实验  

An Experiment Study on Change Laws of Draw Body Shapes of Granular Ore Gravity Flow

作　　者：明建[1] 高永涛[1] 胡乃联[1] 孙金海[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学土木与资源工程学院金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083

出　　处：《实验室研究与探索》2017年第3期9-12,共4页Research and Exploration In Laboratory

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51374032);国家"十二五"科技支撑计划(2012BAB01B04)

摘　　要：为降低阶段崩落法放矿过程中的损失率和贫化率,应用物理相似模拟实验法对其放矿规律进行了研究。基于放矿理论和相似理论优化了实验方案,设计了实验工艺流程和实验装置。进行了单体放矿和平面放矿模拟实验,对不同出矿口间距条件下的定点放矿过程中散体矿岩重力流放出体形态、矿岩运动规律、矿石贫化和损失产生原因进行了研究。结果表明:在所研究矿体的赋存条件、放矿高度和覆岩厚度一定的条件下,随着出矿口间距的缩小,极限高度、贫化开始高度和漏斗间矿损脊峰高度均呈现逐渐降低的趋势,放出椭球体的偏心率呈现逐渐增高的趋势,出矿口间距为12~13 m时放出体形态的匹配关系最为合理。In order to reduce the ore loss and dilution in the ore drawing process, a physical simulation experiment is used to study the ore-drawing law of block caving method. Based on the ore-drawing theory and similarity theory, the experimental scheme was optimized, and the experimental process and devices were designed. By means of the plane physical simulation experiment and the three-dimensional physical simulation experiment, the experiment study with different distances between two ore drawing roadways gives the change law of draw body shapes, the movement law of ore and waste rocks and the cause of loss and dilution in the fixed point ore drawing process. The experiment study with different distances between two ore drawing roadways gives the change law of draw body shapes, the movement law of ore and waste rocks and the cause of loss and dilution in the fixed point ore drawing process. Experimental results showed that under the constant condition of the geological conditions and characteristics of ore body, the maximum height of ore drawing and the height of overlaying rock on the objective ore body, the limiting height of ore drawing, the height of ore dilution appearing and the height of ridge hangover gradually decreased, and the slenderness ratio of draw body increased, with the increase of the distance between ore-drawing roadways. The reasonable distance between two ore drawing roadways is 12 - 13 m.

关 键 词：崩落采矿法 放矿 放出椭球体 放矿模拟实验 损失与贫化 

分 类 号：TD851[矿业工程—金属矿开采]