中华通草蛉成虫越冬体色变化与滞育的关系  

Relationship Between Adult Diapause Development and Over-wintering Coloration Changes in Chrysoperla sinica (Neuroptera)

作　　者：许永玉[1] 胡萃[2] 牟吉元[1] 徐洪富[1] 王洪刚 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植保学院,泰安271018 [2]浙江大学植保系,杭州310029

出　　处：《生态学报》2002年第8期1275-1280,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：山东农业大学博士后基金资助项目 ;山东省自然科学基金资助项目 (Q96D0 61 3 3 ) ;世界银行期贷款资助项目

摘　　要：对自然条件下中华通草蛉成虫越冬体色变化与滞育关系的系统研究表明 ,成虫在越冬过程中都经历了一个较明显的体色变化过程 ,主要表现在体躯底色从绿色到土黄色及体背面滞育斑由褐色到红褐色的改变 ,据此将成虫体色分成 5个级别。在越冬过程中约 80 %个体体色经历了在生殖型体色 (1级 )和滞育型体色 (4、5级 )之间的明显变化 ,约有 2 0 %个体体色维持在 2、3级。在越冬前 ,成虫滞育斑出现后其卵巢不再发育或者发育受抑而逐渐停止发育 ,滞育斑的出现是成虫开始滞育的重要标志 ;越冬后 ,随着成虫体色由滞育型向生殖型的转变 ,当大多数个体体色变为 3级以下时 ,卵巢开始发育。这些结果说明 ,中华通草蛉越冬成虫体色的变化是其滞育越冬的一个重要形态指标 ,越冬前后体色的改变 。In nature, the over\|wintering adults of Chrysoperla sinica entered the facultative diapause in China and their body coloration had a obvious change during the winter. Many researchers had ever described the coloration change of this lacewing in nature at different regions, but up to now we are still ignorant of how about the relationship between the reproductive diapause and the coloration change. In order to make clear this question, the characteristics of body coloration change and diapause development of C.sinica adult during the over\|wintering period were studied in the natural environments in Taian regions of Shandong Province. Adults of C.sinica were sampled in the suburb of Taian city. Before December they were swept from cotton field, orchards, nursery garden and adjacent forest edges. During the winter and spring they were sampled from the outdoor breeding cages under artificially hub, in the cages were stored the adults which were swept from the field before December and were supplied with water synthetic food. From September the adults were sampled or moved from outdoor at a interval period to determine colour of the body and the diapausing spots, and were dissected to examine the degree of ovarian development in their adult females. The degree of ovarian development was graded into four steps by dissection according to the developmental characteristics of ovaries in adult females through winter; undeveloped ovaries were classified as gradeⅠand well\|developed ovaries with mature eggs in oviducts as grade Ⅳ. The results showed that the over\|wintering adults exhibited the coloration change from green to yellowish brown in ground coloration and from brown to reddish brown in diapausing spots on the dorsal side of every body segment. The insects were divided into five types according to the characteristics of adult color changes during the over\|wintering period, viz. type 1: emerald or ultra\|green; type 2: yellow\|green, the diapausing spots appear on the dorsal side and brown or sand

关 键 词：天敌 中华通草蛉 成虫 越冬 体色变化 滞育 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]