两株芽孢杆菌对凡纳滨对虾生长和血清非特异性免疫指标的影响研究  

Effects of Two Bacillus on Growth Performance and Serum Non-specific Immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei

作　　者：王苓[1] 田相利[1] 董双林[1] 汪多 

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学海水养殖教育部重点实验室,山东青岛266003

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期14-21,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD13B03);山东省杰出青年基金项目(JQ201009);广东省海洋经济创新发展区域示范专项(GDHY2013-B03-005);青岛市民生科技计划项目(15-9-2-96-NSH)资助~~

摘　　要：为研究芽孢杆菌对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)生长指标和血清非特异性免疫指标的影响。以初始体重(4.00±0.03)g的凡纳滨对虾为对象,在对虾饲料中分别添加浓度为1×10~7、1×10~9和1×10^(11)cfu/kg的蜡样芽孢杆菌(Bacillus cereus)和枯草芽孢杆菌(B.subtilis),以对虾商品饲料为对照组,养殖42d。实验结束后,测定凡纳滨对虾的生长情况和血清非特异性免疫指标。研究表明:各组对虾的成活率均在90%以上,且组间差异不显著(P>0.05);除了枯草芽孢杆菌1×107cfu/kg添加组,其余添加组中凡纳滨对虾的体重、特定生长率、饲料效率和消化率(P<0.05)显著提高,在添加浓度为1×109cfu/kg时各指标取得最大值。饲料中添加益生菌可提高凡纳滨对虾的超氧化物歧化酶、碱性磷酸酶、酸性磷酸酶、溶菌酶、总一氧化氮合酶、诱导型一氧化氮合酶活性和血清蛋白浓度等血清非特异性免疫指标,且均在添加浓度为1×109cfu/kg时各指标取得最大值。研究结果表明,饲料中添加适当浓度的益生菌可有效促进凡纳滨对虾的生长,提高其血清非特异性免疫水平。当益生菌的添加浓度为1×109cfu/kg时,效果最显著。The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Bacillus cereus and B. subtilis on the growth performance and serum non-specific immunity of Litopenaeus vannamei. Three concentra tions, 1 ×10^7cfu/kg, 1 × 10^9cfu/kg and 1 ×10^11 cfu/kg, were formulated into six experimental diets CDT, CD9, CD11 and BL7, BL9, BL11. The control was basic diet without probiotic. Shrimp L. van- namei with an average initial weight of （4.00±0.03）g were divided into seven groups, five replications each group, and ten shrimps each replication, and cultured for 42 days. During the experiment, the ini- tial body weight, the quantity and surplus we fed the shrimps, the quantity of their excretion, the num- ber of deaths and the final body weight and calculate survival rate, the specific growth rate, feed effi- ciency, apparent digestibility were recorded. When the experiment was finished, we weighed the shrimps and collected the hemolymph from the pericardial cavity. Then we determined superoxide dis- mutse, alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, total nitric oxide synthase, inducible nitric oxide syn- thase, lysozyme and the protein in serum of L. Vannamei in different groups with enzyme reagent kits. The enzyme reagent kits were provided by Nanjing Jiancheng Biology Engineering Institute. The experi- mental data was processed with one-way ANOVA and Duncan multiple range test with SPSS Statistics 21. We analyzed and compared the results of growth performance and serum non-specific immunity of different groups. The results showed that the survival rate of each groups was above 90%o with no sig- nificant difference （P〈0. 05） except BLT. Feed supplemented with Bacillus could significantly （P〈0. 05） increase the final weight, specific growth rate, feed efficiency ratio and apparent digestibility when the concentration of Bacillus was 1 × 10^9 cfu/kg, at which the growth index got the maximum val- ue and was significantly higher than that at 1× 10^7 cfu/kg and 1 × 10^11 cfu/kg. Feed supplemented with Ba

关 键 词：凡纳滨对虾 芽孢杆菌 生长 免疫 

分 类 号：S917[农业科学—水产科学]