抗战时期中国共产党军婚保障机制——以华北抗日根据地为中心的考察  

The Protective Mechanism for Soldiers'Marriage by the CPC during the Anti-Japanese War——A Study Centered on the Anti-Japanese Base in Northern China

作　　者：岳谦厚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学近代中国研究所,山西太原030006

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2017年第1期98-110,共13页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社科基金重点项目"华北及陕甘宁革命根据地女性婚姻问题研究"(12AZS010);教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目"太行山和吕梁山抗战文献整理与研究"(16JZD035);"山西省‘三晋学者’特聘教授支持计划专项经费"

摘　　要：抗战时期,中国共产党对军婚的保护既有法律条例的硬性规制,又有各级政府的行政支持和舆论引导。从最初宣传"婚姻自由"到保护军婚条例颁布,再到进一步限制抗属离婚,反映出中国共产党、妇女和军人在离婚问题上的微妙对抗与妥协。政府部门、社会团体及群众的参与,优抗政策的完善、代耕代收活动的开展,深入基层的妇救会、广泛活跃的慰问团,均折射出政府、抗属和群众在保护军婚问题上的现实诉求与实践努力。每一期报纸杂志、每一支民歌小曲、每一场拥军演出,均再现了帮助军人建立家庭、解决生活困难和调解家庭纠纷的群众热情,以及模范抗属安心守候及积极生产的革命情怀。在此过程中,妇女改变了传统单一的家庭角色,走向社会,参加根据地建设,成为抗战救国的一支基本力量。对战时妇女形象的塑造与革命意识的培育使"婚姻自由"思想服从于抗战大义,成为"一切为了抗战"的时代注脚。During the Anti-Japanese war, the CPC managed to protect soldiers＇ marriage by some hard legal rules as well as the administrative support and media lead of governmental sections in all levels. From the initial propagation of free marriage to the promulgation of protective law for soldiers＇ marriage, and then to the further limitation on divorce of Anti-Japanese soldiers＇ family, all these made a mirror of the delicate resistance and compromise of the CPC, women and soldiers in the matter of divorce. The effort of governmental sections, social organizations and the masses, the improvement of top priority of Anti-Japanese policy and the promotion of substitutive cultivation and harvest, along with the deep-into-the-basic-level women salvation association and the widely active consolatory delegation, all these reflected the practical appeal and effort of the government, Anti-Japanese soldiers＇ families and the masses in protecting soldiers＇ marriage. In the process, women went out of family by changing their monotonous, traditional role, participated in the construction of the Anti-Japanese base and became a fundamental force for Anti-Japanese war. The molding of women image and the cultivating of women revolution sense during the Anti-Japanese war made it highly accepted that the concept of free marriage must be subject to the faith of fighting against Japanese, making the epoch note that all is for Anti-Japanese War.

关 键 词：抗日根据地 婚姻自由 抗属 军婚保障 

分 类 号：E297.3[军事—军事理论]