长期施肥下甘薯产量稳定性及品质特性研究  

Study of Different Fertilization Practices on Sweetpotato Yield Stability and Quality Characteristics

作　　者：魏猛[1,2] 张爱君[1] 诸葛玉平[2] 李洪民[1] 唐忠厚[1] 陈晓光[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏徐淮地区徐州农业科学研究所/江苏徐州甘薯研究中心,江苏徐州221131 [2]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2017年第4期588-595,共8页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目(201203030);国家甘薯产业技术体系(CARS-11-B-13)~~

摘　　要：以1980年建立的长期定位试验为基础,研究2002-2015年不同施肥方式对甘薯干物质积累、产量及品质特性的影响,探讨甘薯产量稳定性及品质特性对长期不同施肥方式的响应规律,为指导本区域合理施肥管理及改善农田生态系统提供依据。试验设置不施肥(CK)、单施化肥(NPK)、单施有机肥(M)、有机无机配施(MNPK)4个处理。结果表明:与CK处理相比,施肥处理(NPK、M、MNPK)显著提高甘薯地上部分和块根干物质积累量、产量及可持续性指数,而施肥处理降低块根产量的变异系数,这说明施肥有利于改善本区域甘薯块根产量稳定性及可持续性,其中以NPK和MNPK处理效果显著。与CK处理相比,MNPK处理显著降低块根干率和糊化特性的回复值和糊化温度,显著提高块根的蛋白质及糊化特性的最高粘度值和崩解值。与NPK处理和M处理相比,MNPK处理糊化特性的最高粘度值和崩解值均有显著提高,回复值和糊化温度有显著降低。有机无机配施是甘薯高产稳产及品质提高的有效栽培措施。Effects on dry matter accumulation,yield and quality characteristics were investigated from2002 to 2015according to long-term fertilization experiment initiated at 1980.This study will provide the basis guideline for the rational fertilization management and farmland ecosystem quality improvement.Four treatments were designed：no fertilizer（CK）,combination of N,P,and K fertilizer（NPK）,organic manure（M）,combination of N,P,K and organic manure（MNPK）.The results show that dry mass accumulation,average yield and sustainable yield index were increased,while the variation coefficient of tuber was decreased in NPK,M,and MNPK treatments when compared with CK treatment.These results indicated that NPK and MNPK treatments could improve the sweetpotato yield stability and sustainability obviously.Dry matter ratio,setback value（SBV）,pasting temperature（PT）were decreased remarkably,and protein mass fraction,breakdown value（BDV）were increased significantly in MNPK treatment when compared to CK.Compared with the NPK and M treatment,peak viscosity（PKV）and breakdown value（BDV）were increased,while setback value（SBV）and pasting temperature（PT）were decreased significantly in MNPK treatments.The results implied that the MNPK treatment was most beneficial fertilization method for the high-yield stability and quality improvement in sweetpotato.

关 键 词：长期施肥 甘薯 产量稳定性 品质特性 

分 类 号：S531[农业科学—作物学]