溶解法分级聚丙烯腈纤维精细结构  

Fine Structure of Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Classified by Dissolution Method

作　　者：齐帅[1,2] 李常清[1,2] 贾龙飞[2] 马良[2] 刘正博 徐樑华[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京化工大学有机无机复合材料国家重点实验室 [2]北京化工大学碳纤维及功能高分子教育部重点实验室,北京100029

出　　处：《高分子材料科学与工程》2017年第4期29-34,共6页Polymer Materials Science & Engineering

基　　金：国家科技部863项目(2015AA03A202);国家电网公司科技项目(SGRI-WD-71-13-005)

摘　　要：采用不同浓度的二甲基亚砜水溶液对聚丙烯腈(PAN)初生纤维进行溶解分级处理,利用紫外光谱定量研究溶解液中组分含量,凝胶渗透色谱、X射线衍射和差示扫描量热仪研究PAN初生纤维中不同组分的分子结构、结晶结构和热性质特性。研究结果表明,随着二甲基亚砜浓度的增加,溶解液的吸光度逐渐增大,说明可通过调整溶解能力将PAN纤维分成不同级分;未溶解PAN纤维的相对分子质量逐渐增大,(110)晶面(29°衍射)出现,表明纤维分子结构链段增长及规整性增加。说明进入低浓度溶液的组分,相对分子质量低且排列规整性差,反之亦然。采用溶解法可将干湿法PAN初生纤维结构逐次分级及定量,再结合常规纤维结构表征方法,可研究纤维更精细的结构。The different concentrations of dimethyl sulfoxide（DMSO） aqueous solution can be used as the standard to classify structure of polyacrylonitrile （PAN） nascent fiber. Component content of PAN in the dissolved solution was studied by ultraviolet spectrum （UV） ; molecular structure, crystalline texture and thermal properties features of different component in PAN were characterized respectively by gel permeation chromatography （GPC）, XRD and differential scanning calorimetry （DSC）. As the results are shown, with increase of the concentration of DMSO, the absorbance of the dissovled PAN solution gradually increases, which indicates that it is feasible to classify the structure of PAN fiber as different component by dissolving capacity of solution; the molecular weight of undissolved PAN fiber gradually increases and the （110） crystal plane appears （29~ diffraction）, which manifests increase of the number and regularity of structure chain segments of fiber molecular. The component into low concentration of dissolved solution has low molecular weight and poor regularity of the arrangement, oppositely the component into high concentration of dissolved solution has high molecular mass and great regularity of the arrangement. Therefore, dissolution method is able to gradually classify and quantify the PAN nascent fiber made by dry jet-wet spinning, to study the finer stucture of fibers combined with regular method for fiber structure.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈初生纤维 溶解法 结构分级 精细结构 

分 类 号：TQ342[化学工程—化纤工业]