《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》应用于搬运作业人群的信效度评价  

Assessment of reliability and validity on WMSDs questionnaire applied in porters

作　　者：曹扬[1] 王菁菁[1] 张蔚[2] 张雪艳[2] 王忠旭[2] 何丽华[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学劳动卫生与环境卫生学系,北京100191 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心职业卫生与中毒控制所,北京100050

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2017年第2期87-93,共7页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(编号:2014BAI12B03);"十三五"国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0801706)

摘　　要：目的评价《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》在我国搬运作业人群中应用的信度与效度。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取某机场搬运作业人员383人作为调查对象,应用改进后的《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》对4个工种搬运作业人员进行调查。计算Cronbach'α系数评价问卷的内部一致性信度,应用结构方程模型进行验证性因子分析评价问卷的结构效度,应用协方差分析检验各个维度得分与不同工种之间的关系并评价问卷的区分效度。结果 (1)内部一致性信度分析,问卷总体Cronbach'α系数为0.808,力量负荷维度和姿势负荷维度的Cronbach'α系数分别为0.559和0.792。(2)结构效度,基于工效学负荷分类构建的理论模型可以与调查数据顺利拟合,修正模型一阶因子的5个因子负荷量分别为0.94、0.95、0.88、0.72和0.80,各一阶因子能够很好的被二阶因子所解释,且两个二阶因子之间存在一定的相关关系。(3)区分效度,协方差分析结果显示不同工种2个维度得分的差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论《肌肉骨骼损伤情况调查问卷》具有良好的信度与效度,能够真实有效地反映搬运作业人群职业活动的工效学负荷水平。Objective To assess the reliability and validity of WMSDs questionnaire applied among the porters in China. Methods Using cluster sampling method, 383 porters working in airport were enrolled to this study, and the advanced WMSDs questionnaire was applied in the investigation among four types of porters. The reliability of the questionnaire＇s internal consistency was assessed by calculating coefficient Cronbach＇α, while its structure validity was also evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis with structural equation model, besides, the relationship between different dimensions and various types of handlers was analyzed by covariance analysis, then the discrimination validity of the questionnaire was estimated as well. Results （ 1 ） The analysis on the questionnaire＇s internal consistency reliabilily showed that the total Cronbach＇α was 0. 808, the Cronbach＇αof strength load dimension and posture load dimension were 0. 559 and 0. 792, respectively. （2） The structural validity showed that the theoretical model based on ergonomics load classification might smoothly fit with the survey data, the five primary factors＇ load capacities in the amended model were 0. 94, 0. 95, 0. 88, 0. 72 and 0. 80, respectively, every first-order factor could be well explained by second-order factor, and there was some correlation existed between two second-order factors. （3） The discrimination validity showed that covariance analysis the difference between scores of two dimensions among different types of handlers had statistically significances （P〈0. 01 ） . Conclusion WMSDs questionnaire possesses favorable reliability and validity, and can effectively reflect the ergonomics load level reached by handlers during working.

关 键 词：工效学负荷 搬运作业 内部一致性信度 结构效度 区分效度 

分 类 号：R68[医药卫生—骨科学]