聚氨酯弹性体回弹性能的影响因素  

Influencing factors of resilience of polyurethane elastomer

作　　者：刘凉冰[1] 

机构地区：[1]太原工业学院材料工程系,山西太原030008

出　　处：《弹性体》2017年第2期66-73,共8页China Elastomerics

摘　　要：介绍了用于测定橡胶回弹性的国内外标准。讨论了化学结构对浇注型、热塑性和混炼型聚氨酯(PU)弹性体回弹性能的影响,化学结构包括:软段类型和相对分子质量、硬段类型和含量、异氰酸酯类型和异构体、预聚体异氰酸酯基含量、胺类和醇类扩链剂等。讨论了添加剂(增塑剂和补强剂)和温度对回弹性的影响,同时比较了线性与交联PU的回弹性能。结果表明,影响PU弹性体回弹性能的主要因素是软段的类型和相对分子质量、硬段含量、预聚体异氰酸酯基含量、交联及温度。The paper introduced the domestic and international standards for measuring resilience of rubber. The influence of chemical structure factors on resilience of Casting, thermoplastic and mixing polyurethane（PU） elastomer was inrestigated.The factors include type and relative molecular mass of the soft segment,type and mass fraction of the hard segment, type and isomer of isocyanates mass fraction of NCO in prepolymer and amines and alcohols of chain extender etc.The influence of additives（plasticizers and reinforcing agents） and temperature on the resilience of polyurethane elastomer was also discussed. The resilience of linear and crosslinked PU was also compared. The results showed that main factors affecting the resilience of PU elastomers are the type and relative molecular mass of soft segment,the content of hard segments, the isocyanate content of prepolymer, crosslinking and temperature.

关 键 词：聚氨酯弹性体 聚酯 聚醚 冲击弹性 回弹 标准 

分 类 号：TQ323.8[化学工程—合成树脂塑料工业]