新型有机肥料对连作西瓜生长、产量及品质的影响  

Effect of New Organic Fertilizer on Growth and Yield and Quality of Watermelon

作　　者：韦彩会[1] 董文斌[1] 何永群[1] 韦家华 李光义[3] 何铁光[1] 李婷婷[1] 王瑾[1] 李忠义[1] 俞月凤[1] 唐红琴[1] 莫成恩 黄伟彬 

机构地区：[1]广西农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所,广西南宁530007 [2]武鸣县科技服务中心,广西武鸣530100 [3]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所,海南海口571101 [4]武鸣县发展水果生产办公室

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第8期20-24,共5页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家级星火计划资助项目(2013GA790006);广西科学研究与技术开发计划资助项目(桂科合14123001-20);广西农业重点科技计划资助项目(201421);2013年生态广西建设引导资金资助项目(桂财建函[2013]45号);南宁市科学研究与技术开发计划资助项目(20132029);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项资助项目(2015YT31);武鸣县科技局科技攻(20140409)

摘　　要：以"黑美人"西瓜为试材,通过连续2年试验,即设单施有机肥(A)、有机肥化肥配合施用(B)2个处理,分别以不施肥(CK-1)和单施化肥(CK-2)作为空白和常规施肥对照,所有施肥处理的氮、磷、钾养分总量一致,均为750kg·hm-2,分析不同处理对西瓜主蔓长、茎径、有效分蔓数、产量及品质指标的影响,并综合评价木薯加工废弃物转化有机肥料的田间施用效果,为木薯加工废弃物资源的当地肥料化应用提供依据。结果表明:与空白对照(CK-1)处理相比,连续2年所有施肥处理均能促进西瓜生长、提高西瓜果实产量和品质;与常规施肥(CK-2)处理相比,单施有机肥的A处理在试验实施第1年西瓜生长受到明显抑制,产量显著降低,但品质明显提高,持续实施的第2年,生长受到的抑制程度减弱,产量和CK-2无明显差异,品质仍显著高于CK-2处理;而有机肥和化肥配合施用的B处理连续2年西瓜营养生长、产量及品质均优于常规施肥处理。因此,木薯加工废弃物转化有机肥料后和化肥配合施用能有效促进西瓜植株营养生长,提高西瓜产量,改善西瓜品质。To investigate the effects of organic fertilizers made from cassava processing waste（cassava peel and cassava residue）on the growth,yield and quality of watermelon,in order to provide the basis of cassava processing waste resources converted into fertilizer in locally.By two years of continuous testing,the experiment included four treatments,i e single application of organic fertilizer（treatment A）,combined application of organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer（treatment B）,that no fertilizer（CK-1）and chemical fertilizer（CK-2）as the blank and conventional fertilization control respectively,the total amount of N,P and K nutrient in all fertilization treatments were 750kg·hm^（-2）,then the main stem length,stem diameter,number of effective branches,yield and quality were investigated to evaluate comprehensively effect of cassava processing waste-derived organic fertilizer.The results showed that,compared with blank control（CK-1）treatment,all the fertilization treatments could promote the growth of watermelon and increase watermelon fruit′s yield and quality of in the two years.Compared with conventional fertilizer（CK-2）treatment,in the first year,a treatment inhibited the growth of watermelon,and the yield decreased significantly,but the quality was improved obviously.In the second year,watermelon growth inhibition degree was reduced,and the yield had no significant difference with CK-2,but the quality was still significantly higher than CK-2.But in two consecutive years,the watermelon growth,yield and quality of B treatment were all superior than those of conventional fertilization treatment.So that,cassava processing waste-derived organic fertilizer applied with chemical fertilizer,could effectively promote the growth of watermelon plant,at the end increased the production and quality of watermelon fruits.

关 键 词：木薯加工废弃物 有机肥 西瓜生长 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S651.606.2[农业科学—果树学]