新增耕地土壤盐渍化调查及改良措施分析  

Survey and Discuss of Saline-Alkali New Farmland and Soil Improvement Measures

作　　者：宁松瑞[1,2,3] 韩霁昌[1,2,3] 郝起礼[1,2,3] 李刚[1,2,3] 闫波[1,2,3] 赵宣[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]国土资源部退化及未利用土地整治工程重点实验室,陕西西安710075 [2]陕西省土地工程建设集团有限责任公司,陕西西安710075 [3]陕西省土地整治工程技术研究中心,陕西西安710075

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第8期172-178,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：陕西省重点科技创新团队计划资助项目(2016KCT-23);国土资源部公益性行业科研专项资助项目(201411008)

摘　　要：为了解定边县新增耕地的土壤盐渍化现状,对陕西省定边县盐渍化土壤面积较大的堆子梁镇新增耕地典型地块进行田间采样调查,并对采集的土样和水样及时分析测试。结果表明:定边县堆子梁镇王滩子村、小滩子村、白土岗子村的新增耕地调查地块内0~60cm土层的pH均呈强碱性(pH≥9),土壤全盐量较高;其中,白土岗子村调查地块的0~60cm土层全盐量最重,小滩子村次之,王滩子村最轻。3个调查地块蓄水沟内水样均呈碱性,全盐量322~1 462mg·L^(-1)。根据调查区域的新增耕地盐渍化现状,参考当地及邻近地区较成功的盐渍土改良经验,针对性的总结了耕作措施、地表覆盖措施、隔盐措施、化学措施、灌溉措施、植物措施等改良措施的原理及优缺点,以便为治理定边县盐渍化新增耕地提供技术参考。To understand the status of saline-alkali of new farmland,the typical saline-alkali land of Duiziliang town in Dingbian county of Shaanxi Province was surveyed,and the collected soil samples and water samples were analyzed in time.The new farmland survey results of Wangtanzi and Xiaotanzi and Baitugangzi villages in Duiziliang town showed：the 0-60 cm depth soil pH profiles were all higher and greater than 9;and the soil salinity of 0-60 cm depth soil profiles were increased gradually in order.The water of drainage ditches were alkaline water,and water salinity were ranged from 322 to 1 462mg·L^（-1）.Based on the status of saline-alkali new farmland of Duiziliang town and the successful experiences of soil improvement and salinity control of neighborhood regions,this study proposed the suitable saline-alkali soil improvement measures,e.g.soil tillage,soil surface cover,salinity barrier,chemical improvement,irrigation,and phytoremediation measures,and so on,in order to control and improve saline-alkali new farmland of Dingbian county.

关 键 词：盐渍土 土壤改良 灌溉 新增耕地 

分 类 号：F301.2[经济管理—产业经济] S29[农业科学—农业水土工程]