专利密集型产业、专利制度与经济增长  

Patent-intensive Industry,Patent System and Economic Growth

作　　者：李黎明[1] 陈明媛[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学知识产权学院,南京210094 [2]国家知识产权局专利管理司,北京100088

出　　处：《中国软科学》2017年第4期152-168,共17页China Soft Science

基　　金：国家知识产权局软科学课题(SS15-A-03)

摘　　要：本文利用专利案件数量与专利授权数量构建反映司法保护和行政保护的指标全面刻画我国的专利保护强度,借助模糊优选法从投入和产出两个维度设计指标筛选专利密集型产业,在此基础上对比分析中、美专利制度对产业经济增长的影响。本文提出并验证了如下假说:在经济发展水平临界点两侧,专利制度对专利密集型产业和非专利密集型产业的经济贡献度会发生逆转。经济发展水平低于临界点时,专利保护强度降低对非专利密集型产业经济贡献大于其对专利密集型产业的贡献;超过临界点时,专利保护强度提升对专利密集型产业经济贡献大于其对非专利密集型产业的贡献。中美产业层面数据的实证结果还表明,经济发展水平超过临界点后,专利保护强度的提升会提高专利制度对专利密集型产业经济贡献的弹性系数,而对非专利密集型产业经济发展贡献不显著甚至带来负增长效应,这也说明专利密集型产业不仅是数量密集,更重要的是制度依赖,同时,有必要在我国专利司法保护中探索引入产业政策杠杆。In this paper, we make use of the number of patent suits and patent grants to depict the intensity of patentprotection and identify patent-intensive industries with the method of fuzzy optimization. We compare the patentsystem＇ s contribution to China economic growth with that to US economy. We put forward and convince the followinghypothesis： the patent system＇ s contribution to patent-intensive industries and non patent-intensive industries will bereversed on both sides of the critical point. The empirical results also show that when economic development reaches acertain level, enhancing the strength of patent protection will increase the economic contribution of patent system to thepatent-intensive industries but has a negative growth effect on non patent-intensive industry, which also shows that thepatent-intensive industry is not only patent number -intensive, more importantly, is dependent on the patent system.Therefore, it is necessary to introduce the industrial policy levers in China＇ s patent judicial protection.

关 键 词：专利密集型产业 专利保护强度 模糊优选法 全要素生产率 经济增长 

分 类 号：G306[文化科学]