西藏自治区植被与气候变化的关系  

Relationships between NDVI and Climate Changes in Tibet,China

作　　者：李磊磊[1,2] 范建容[1] 张茜彧 李炫[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都610041 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《山地学报》2017年第1期9-15,共7页Mountain Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金国际合作与交流重点项目(41520104002);数字制图与国土信息应用工程重点实验室开放基金课题(DM2016SC09)~~

摘　　要：气候变化下植被的时空响应是近年来的研究热点。高海拔西藏地区气候独特多变,研究该区域植被与气候变化的关系具有重要意义。西藏地区的气象站少,利用站点观测资料插值分析误差相对较大,难以准确获得空间连续的数据。本文采用2001~2013年MODIS卫星16天时间序列数据和同期的降雨卫星TRMM数据,利用线性回归和相关性分析法研究西藏地区植被、地表温度和降雨量的时空特征及相关性。研究表明:在2001~2013年间,西藏地区植被与地表温度、降雨量在时间波动和空间分布上具有一致性。植被NDVI逐年增大,植被状况逐渐改善,地表温度总体呈上升趋势,降雨量整体无明显变化,三者年际变化率主要集中在-0.005~0.005/a,-0.05℃~0.15℃/a,-30~40 mm/a。近13年来植被NDVI、地表温度和降雨量的变化区域差异性较大,在西藏中部和东部变化明显。植被NDVI的变化与气候变化(尤其是地表温度上升)密切相关,受降雨明显影响的区域分布在西藏中部,受地表温度明显影响的区域分布在西藏东部和西部。Spatial-temporal response of vegetation to climate change has been concerned by scientists for recent years. The climate in Tibet is unique and changeable due to its high altitude. With extremely fragile ecological environment,Tibet is one of the most sensitive areas to climate change in the global ecosystem. Therefore,it is of great significance to study the relationship between vegetation and climate change in Tibet. However,the interpolated climate data were not accurate enough owing to sparse meteorological stations in this area. This paper studied the spatial-temporal characteristics and interannual variability of climate factors in Tibet during 2001 to 2013 by MODIS land surface temperature data and Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission（ TRMM） precipitation data. And MODIS 16-day composite product of the normalized difference vegetation index（ NDVI） was acquired to discuss the relationship between vegetation and climate factors by linear regression and correlation analysis method. The results are as following：（ 1） Vegetation,land surface temperature and rainfall in Tibet were consistent with each other in temporal fluctuation and spatial distribution;（ 2） NDVI and land surface temperature in most area was increasing,while there was no significant changes in overall rainfall,with annual change rates of-0. 005 ~ 0. 005/a,-0. 05°C ~ 0. 15°C/a,-30 ~ 40 mm/a,respectively;（ 3） NDVI,land surface temperature and rainfall varied greatly in different regions,and changed significantly in the central and eastern parts of Tibet;（ 4） The change of NDVI was closely related to climatic change（ especially the increase of land surface temperature）;（ 5） The areas mainly affected by the land surface temperature were distributed in eastern and western Tibet,and the areas mainly affected by rainfall was located in the middle of Tibet. In conclusion,climate change affected and changed the terrestrial ecosystem structure and function,so monitoring of climate and ecosystem changes is necessary.

关 键 词：NDVI 降雨量 地表温度 气候变化 

分 类 号：TP79[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] P407[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]