论我国《反恐怖主义法》中的“去极端化与反极端化”  

On the “De-extramalization and Anti-extramalization” in the Anti-Terrorism Act of China

作　　者：兰迪[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北政法大学反恐怖主义研究院,陕西西安710063

出　　处：《铁道警察学院学报》2017年第1期50-56,共7页Journal of Railway Police College

基　　金：陕西省教育厅人文社科专项科研计划项目"恐怖主义的罪因机制研究"(项目号:16JK1798);国家法治与法学理论研究课题"新疆地区恐怖主义犯罪惩治与防范研究"(项目号:13SFB5017)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：极端主义是恐怖主义的思想根源,打击极端主义是彻底遏制恐怖主义的关键。打击极端主义的方略可具体划分为去极端化与反极端化两种。前者是对已经接受极端思想者实施的特殊预防性措施,目标是使其放弃极端主义思想、重塑身份认同与复归社会;后者是对社会公众采用的一般预防性措施,目标是使其养成抵御极端主义思想侵蚀的能力,避免受到极端主义的影响。我国《反恐怖主义法》对去极端化和反极端化作了初步规定,但是与域外相关法律制度比较,还需在实践主体、实践措施和立法体例等方面作进一步完善。未来有必要制定单独的《反极端主义法》。Extramalization is the ideological root of terrorism and the key to suppressing it completely. The strategies of attacking terrorism can be two kinds： de-extramalization and anti-extramalization. The former is a specialized preventive strategy with the aim of leading the people who have accepted extramalized ideas to give it up, rebuild their identities and bring them back to the society. The latter is a general preventive strategy with the aim of cultivating the public to have the ability of countering extramalized ideas and the influence. The Anti-Terrorism Act in China has made a preliminary regulation for de-extramalization and anti-extramalization, but, when compared with foreign related laws, it needs to be improved in the main body, practical measures and legislative style. A separate Anti-extramalization Act should be made in the future.

关 键 词：去极端化 反极端化 《反恐怖主义法》 反恐怖主义 

分 类 号：D917[政治法律—法学]