江苏南部沿海鸻鹬类迁徙停息地潮间带表层沉积物重金属分布及污染评价  

Distribution and Pollution Assessment of Heavy Metals in Surface Sediments of Intertidal Wetland of Globally Important Shorebird Stopover Sites in Southern Jiangsu Province,China

作　　者：葛晓辉[1] 胡东方[1] 陈建琴[2] 刘威[1] 张怡[1] 胡超超[1] 常青[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210023 [2]江苏第二师范学院生物科学与化学化工学院,江苏南京210013

出　　处：《南京师大学报（自然科学版）》2017年第1期86-94,共9页Journal of Nanjing Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：江苏省优势学科建设项目(201504)

摘　　要：对江苏南部沿海鸻鹬类迁徙停息地潮间带18个样点的36份表层沉积物中重金属的分布特征、污染状况及可能来源进行了分析.分析结果表明:春、秋两季7种重金属平均含量的大小顺序均为Zn>Pb>As>Cu>Cr>Cd>Hg,其中As、Hg的含量在两季间存在显著性差异,Cu、Zn的含量在各潮带间存在显著性差异,Cd在各断面之间存在显著差异.基于地质累积指数法评价各重金属污染程度从强到弱为:春季Cd>Pb>As>Cu>Zn>Cr>Hg,秋季Cd>As>Pb>Cu>Zn>Hg>Cr;潜在生态危害指数法评价分析表明:As、Pb、Cu、Hg、Zn、Cr均处于低生态危害等级,Cd整体上处于较重生态危害等级.主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)表明:研究区重金属污染主要来源于经济开发区企业的工业排污、周边地区机动车尾气及当地渔港船舶污染的排放.Total of 36 surface sediment samples were collected from 18 sampling sites of intertidal zone, and the distribu- tion, contamination and source of heavy metals in the globally important shorebirds stopover sites of south Jiangsu were investigated. The results showed that the average content of heavy metals were Zn〉Pb〉As〉Cu〉Cr〉Cd〉Hg both in spring and autumn, and there were no significant differences in the contents of heavy metals, except for As and Hg in different season, Cu and Zn in different intertidal zones, and Cd in different transects. The geoaccumulation index assessment indi- cated that the pollution status was Cd〉Pb〉As〉Cu〉Zn〉Cr〉Hg in spring, and Cd〉As〉Pb〉Cu〉Zn〉Hg〉Cr in autumn. The potential ecological risk index indicated that As, Pb, Cu, Hg, Zn and Cr were all at the low ecological risk level, and Cd was at slightly high level. The principal component analysis indicated that the heavy metals mainly came from indus- trial emissions of the Rudong Economic Development Zone, motor vehicle exhaust and the ship pollution emissions of the local fishing ports.

关 键 词：鸻鹬类迁徙停息地 表层沉积物 重金属 分布 污染评价 来源 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]