新疆孔雀河下游退化植被对环境的响应研究  

Research on Environmental Responses of Vegetation Degradation in the Lower Reaches of Peacock River,Xinjiang

作　　者：刘加珍[1,2] 李卫红[2] 陈亚鹏[2] 吾买尔江.吾布力 何宇[3] 靖淑慧 

机构地区：[1]聊城大学环境与规划学院,山东聊城252000 [2]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830011 [3]新疆塔里木河流域管理局,新疆库尔勒841000

出　　处：《新疆环境保护》2017年第1期1-7,17,共8页Environmental Protection of Xinjiang

基　　金：中国博士后基金和特别资助项目(2012M512058;2013T60905);国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAC15B02)

摘　　要：本文依据实地监测资料,分析了孔雀河下游断流河道的植被退化特征及植物类群与环境的关系,旨在为荒漠河岸生态系统保护与恢复提供参考。结果表明:胡杨作为孔雀河下游荒漠河岸林的建群种及优势种,顺沿河道呈现出死亡数增加的趋势;存留胡杨以成年木较多,存留格局为集聚型。K1断面物种多样性及丰富度平均值都较高,反映出群落相对的稳定性;K2断面多样性与丰富度都较低,且均匀度波动较大,反映出群落的不稳定性。CCA排序把植被分为深水位-适盐类群、深水位-耐盐类群与浅水位-喜盐类群,其中以胡杨为优势的深水位-适盐类群维持了较好的土壤养分,而以盐爪爪、盐穗木为优势的浅水位-喜盐类群,占据了地下水埋深浅、盐分含量高、养分极端贫瘠的生境。This Article analyzes the vegetation degradati as well as the relation of plant group to environment on ence for preservation and restoration of desert riparian on of dried-up riverway in the lower reaches of Peacock River the basis of field monitoring data, in order to provide a refer- ecosystem. The results showed that： as a constructive speciesand a dominant species of desert riparian forest in the lowerreaches of Peacock River, Populus euphratica showed a rising trend of deaths along the riverway ; the majorities of remaining Populus euphratica were mature trees of clustered type.High average species diversity and richness of K1 sec- tion reflected relative stability of community ; low diversity and richness of K2 section as well as large evenness fluctu- ation reflected instability of community. Vegetation is divided into deep GD （groundwater depth） - halophyte group, deep GD - salt-tolerance group and low GD - euhalophyte group by CCA, in which deep GD - halophyte group with Populus euphratica being a dominant species preserves good soil nutrient, while low GD - euhalophyte group with Ka- lidium foliatum and Halostachys caspica being dominant species occupies low groundwater depth, high salt content and extreme nutrient depletion habitat.

关 键 词：孔雀河 多样性 环境 植物类群 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]