渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷深层古潜山油气成藏模式及其主控因素  

Hydrocarbon accumulation models and their main controlling factors in the deep buried hills of the Jizhong Depression,Bohai Bay Basin

作　　者：高长海[1,2] 查明[1,2] 赵贤正[3] 金凤鸣 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东) [2]青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室海洋矿产资源评价与探测技术功能实验室 [3]中国石油大港油田公司 [4]中国石油华北油田公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2017年第4期52-59,共8页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"渤海湾盆地深层油气地质与增储方向"(编号:2016ZX05006);"大型地层油气藏油气源分析与输导体系研究"(编号:2017ZX05001);山东省自然科学基金项目"基于大中型不整合结构体的油气分布规律研究"(编号:ZR2013DM016)

摘　　要：渤海湾盆地冀中坳陷深层古潜山油气资源勘探程度较低,但仍具有良好的资源潜力和勘探前景。为此,通过综合分析成藏地质要素,结合有机地球化学分析及流体包裹体等测试结果,研究了深层古潜山油气成藏的主控因素,揭示其油气成藏过程并建立了油气成藏模式。结果表明:①该区深层古潜山油气成藏主要受烃源岩的演化特征、储集体的储集性能以及异常高压等因素的共同控制;②深层古潜山主要存在2种油气成藏模式,一种是早期成藏模式,即古近系沙河街组一段末期—新近系馆陶组末期生成的低熟—成熟油气在浮力和水动力驱动下,向上倾方向充注至古潜山储集体而聚集成藏,具有"侧向油源—缝洞储集—常压充注—早期成藏"的特征,而另一种则是晚期成藏模式,即新近系明化镇组以来生成的轻质油和天然气在异常高压驱动下,向下或侧向充注至古潜山储集体而聚集成藏,具有"顶侧油源—缝洞储集—高压倒灌—晚期成藏"的特征。结论认为:寻找与高成熟烃源岩接触的深层古潜山圈闭应成为该区富油气凹陷重要的勘探策略。The exploration maturity of the deep buried hills in the Jizhong Depression of the Bohai Bay Basin is low but their resource potential and exploration prospects are great. Based on the integrated analysis of geological elements, combined with geochemical analysis and the test data of fluid inclusions, etc., the main controlling factors of hydrocarbon accumulation were investigated, hydrocarbon accumulation process was revealed and hydrocarbon accumulation models were established, providing a theoretical guidance for further oil and gas exploration of the deep buried hills. The following results were achieved. （1） The hydrocarbon accumulation of the deep buried hills are mainly controlled by many factors such as evolution characteristics of source rocks, reservoir properties, abnormal overpressure, etc. （2） Two hydrocarbon accumulation models were established for the deep buried hills in the study area. One is the early-stage accumulation model, in which the low-mature and mature oil and gas generated at early periods was then driven by both buoyancy and hydrody- namic force, then accumulated along the updip direction, and finally buried hill reservoirs were formed, with the characteristics of ＂lateral oil source, fracture-cave gathering, ordinary pressure charging and early-stage accumulation＂. The other is the late-stage accumulation model, in which the high mature oil and gas generated at later periods was driven by abnormally-high pressure, then accumulated downward or lateral, and finally buried hill reservoirs were formed, with the characteristics of ＂top-lateral oil source, fracture-cave gathering, high pressure backflow and later-stage accumulation＂. In conclusion, the further exploration target in this study area should focus on those traps of the deep buried hills which are in direct contact with high-mature source rocks.

关 键 词：渤海湾盆地 冀中坳陷 古近纪 深层古潜山 优质烃源岩 优质储集体 异常高压 成藏期次 成藏模式 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]