2009—2015年安康市手足口病发病分析  

Epidemic analysis on hand-foot-and-mouth disease in Ankang City from 2009-2015

作　　者：原凌云[1] 周以军[1] 朱妮[2] 焦欢[1] 张永英[1] 杨俊锋[1] 刘斌[1] 杜冬冬[1] 

机构地区：[1]安康市疾病预防控制中心传染病控制科,陕西安康725000 [2]陕西省疾病预防控制中心卫生信息所,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《职业与健康》2017年第4期491-494,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的了解安康市手足口病发病流行病学特征,为其防控提供参考依据。方法采用描述流行病学方法,对安康市2009—2015年手足口病发病资料进行分析。结果 2009—2015年共报告手足口病17 383例,年均发病率为93.51/10万,重症病例175例,占1.01%,死亡2例,占0.01%。安康市手足口病发病有明显的季节性,发病呈双峰特点,分别为4—7月和11月-次年1月,重症病例和普通病例时间分布一致。高发地区交替分布,有一定地区特点。发病集中于≤5岁儿童男童高于女童,职业以散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生为主。安康市2009—2015年手足口病流行优势病原有差异性,2009年、2011年以EV71感染为主,2010年以Cox A16感染为主;自2012年起其他肠道病毒感染阳性比例逐渐增加,成为主要感染病毒类型。结论安康市手足口病发病有明显地区、时间、人群、病原学分布特征,提示在手足口病防控中,应强化部门配合,社会参与的机制,结合实际情况做好重点地区、重点人群的防控工作,加强疫情监测工作,各级医疗机构做好手足口病救治工作,强化重症识别能力。[Objective]To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease（HFMD）in Ankang City,provide the evidences for the prevention and control of HFMD. [Methods]The epidemic data of HFMD in Ankang City from2009-2015 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiological methods. [Results]Totally 17 383 cases of HFMD were reported from2009-2015,with the average annual incidence rate of 93.51/lakh. There were 175 severe cases and 2 death cases,the severe cases accounted for 1.01% of total cases and the fatality rate was 0.01%. The epidemic situation of HFMD in Ankang City had the obvious seasonality,with the characteristics of the bimodal pattern,which the peak seasons appeared April to July and November to January of next year,and the temporal distribution of severe cases was consistent with that of common cases. The areas with high incidence distributed alternately,with the obvious regional characteristics. Most of patients were children below 5 years old,and there were more boys than girls. The occupations were mainly scattered children,childcare children and students. The dominant pathogens of HFMD have changed in Ankang City from 2009-2015. EV71 was predominant pathogen in 2009 and 2011,while Cox A16 was dominant in 2010,and the proportion of other enterovirus infections has increased since 2012,which became main infectious pathogen. [Conclusion]The epidemic situation of HFMD has the obvious distribution characteristics of region,season,population and pathogen in Ankang City. It is important to strengthen the mechanism of department cooperation and social participation,improve the prevention and control in key areas and high-risk population according to the actual situation,strengthen the epidemic monitoring,enhance the treatment level of HFMD in medical institutions at all levels,and strengthen recognition ability of severe cases,to complete the prevention and control of HFMD.

关 键 词：手足口病 流行病学特征 病原学特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]