面向地壳形变观测的超高分辨率光纤应变传感系统  

Ultrahigh resolution fiber optic strain sensing system for crustal deformation observation

作　　者：何祖源 刘庆文[1] 陈嘉庚[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学区域光纤通信网与新型光通信系统国家重点实验室,上海200240

出　　处：《物理学报》2017年第7期158-169,共12页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(批准号:61327812;61307106;61620106015)资助的课题~~

摘　　要：高分辨率光纤应变传感系统是地球物理学中地壳微弱形变观测的有力工具.相比于传统的地壳应变观测技术,光纤应变传感器具有测量分辨率高、抗干扰能力强、尺寸小、可复用、易于安装布设等特性,在建立新型地壳形变监测网络中具有很大的应用潜力.本文围绕面向地壳形变观测的纳应变级分辨率光纤应变传感器技术,阐述了应变传感原理与实现超高测量分辨率的机理,并详细介绍了扫频探测、Pound-Drever-Hall解调技术、边带探测、双回路锁定传感、传感器时分复用等技术及相应的传感器系统实现方案,最后,给出了超高分辨率光纤传感器在现场观测的实验结果与分析.Due to the advantages of high resolution, low cost, small size, easy deployment and capability of multiplexed sensing,the recent developed optical fiber grating sensors provide powerful tools for crustal deformation monitoring. This paper reviews the development of several types of fiber-optic sensors with ultrahigh resolution in quasi-static domain. The fiber Bragg grating based Fabry-Perot interferometers and the π-phase-shifted fiber Bragg gratings which are used as sensing components in the high resolution sensors are introduced. Some novel techniques such as interrogating the sensing components with intensity modulation sideband, dual feedback-loop structure for high bandwidth/large measurement range sensing, and the time-domain multiplexing of the high resolution quasi-static strain sensor are discussed in detail.Each sensing scheme with both operation process and achieved performances are given. The implementation of fiber grating sensors for in-situ measurement of crustal deformation and the results are also introduced. Compared with the traditional methods used in crustal deformation observation, the high-performance fiber optic strain sensors mentioned in the paper shows great potentials in providing wider measurement approaches in geophysical researches.

关 键 词：光纤传感 地壳形变测量 超高分辨率 光纤布拉格光栅 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]