miRNAs在脊髓损伤中作用的研究进展  

Research Progress of miRNAs in Spinal Cord Injury

作　　者：徐坤[1] 徐宝占 杨钟会 吴树亮[2] 初明[1] XU Kun XU Bao-zhan YANG Zhong-hui WU Shu-liang CHU Ming(Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001, China Department of anatomy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongfiang, 150001, China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]哈尔滨医科大学解剖学教研室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2017年第11期2166-2169,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

基　　金：黑龙江省科技厅留学基金项目(LC201014);哈尔滨医科大学附属第一医院科研基金项目(2009L04)

摘　　要：脊髓损伤是一个重要的公共卫生难题,脊髓损伤可划分为三个病理生理阶段:原发性损伤期、继发性损伤期和慢性损伤期。基因表达的改变在脊髓损伤中起到了重要作用,miRNAs可以调控转录后所有基因的表达,所以miRNAs是脊髓损伤中一个很具有研究价值的研究对象。miRNAs是20-25碱基组成的非编码RNA,通过与靶mRNAs 3‘UTR结合下调其表达实现的对mRNA翻译进程的调控。miRNAs与中枢神经系统的发育、功能和疾病有密切关系。脊髓损伤后miRNAs通过调节中性粒细胞和炎性反应通路在炎性应答中起到了重要作用;miRNAs在细胞凋亡中表现出了复杂的功能,其表达的改变可能同时刺激和抑制凋亡;miRNAs可通过增强星形胶质细胞肥大和调节胶质瘢痕的进程;miRNAs的下调可能通过促进轴突靶向作用、神经元存活和轴突生长来促进损伤脊髓部位再生进程。目前脊髓损伤仍是现代医学的难题,对神经系统疾病中miRNAs作用的研究,为脊髓损伤治疗提供了一种新的治疗方案,也是将来研究中的热点。Spinal cord injury is an important public health problem. Spinal cord injury can be classified into three pathological physiological stages： primary injury, secondary injury and chronic injury stage. Changes in gene expression play an important role in spinal cord injury. All the genes transcription are regulated by miRNAs. So, miRNAs is a very valuable research object in spinal cord in- jury. The miRNAs are non coding RNA compose by 20-25 bases, can regulate mRNA translation process by binding with the target mR- NAs 3＇UTR. It has a close relationship with the development, function and disease of the central nervous system. MiRNAs through the regulation of neutrophil and inflammatory reaction pathway in inflammatory response plays an important role in the spinal cord injury. MiR-NAs in apoptusis showed a complex function： the altered expression may also stimulate and inhibit the apoptosis at same time. MiRNAs can enhance astrocyte hypertrophy and glial scar adjusting process. Down regulation ofmiRNAs may promote axonal targeting, neuronal survival and axonal growth to promote the position of injured spinal cord regeneration process. The spinal cord injury is still a difficult problem in modem medicine. Study on effect of miRNAs in diseases of nervous system provides a new method for the treatment of spinal cord injury, also will be a hot spot in future research.

关 键 词：MI RANS 脊髓损伤 研究进展 

分 类 号：R651.2[医药卫生—外科学]