宁波市2010年-2015年伤寒、副伤寒流行特征及菌型分析  

Analysis of epidemiological characteristics and strain types of typhoid and paratyphoid in Ningbo during 2010-2015

作　　者：易波[1] 许国章[1] 杨元斌[1] 章丹阳[1] 徐景野[1] 

机构地区：[1]宁波市疾病预防控制中心,浙江宁波315010

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2017年第7期1020-1024,共5页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：宁波市社会发展重大(重点)项目(2013C51014)

摘　　要：目的了解宁波市伤寒、副伤寒的流行特征和耐药性情况,为本地区伤寒、副伤寒的防治工作提供依据。方法收集宁波市2010年-2015年伤寒、副伤寒报告资料,采用SPSS 17.0软件和Excel 2003对数据进行统计处理,并对菌株分离鉴定、分型及耐药性分析。结果 2010年-2015年,伤寒、副伤寒年平均发病率为1.93/10万,发病高峰为5月-7月和1月-2月,发病年龄主要集中在20岁~59岁年龄段。疾病发病出现2个高峰,以夏季为主,冬春季节次之。伤寒、副伤寒沙门菌生化典型;病原菌对头孢类抗生素和氨基糖苷类药物耐药性高。分型显示甲型副伤寒沙门菌PFGE型相对集中,伤寒沙门菌PFGE型较散。结论 2010年-2015年宁波市伤寒、副伤寒发病维持在较低水平,与食物有关的冬春季发病次高峰是本地区一大特征。流行血清型正在替换成以伤寒沙门菌为主。病原菌对碳青霉烯类和喹诺酮类等药物较敏感。Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics and drug resistance of typhoid and paratyphoid in Ningbo,so as to provide scientific basis for the prevention and control of the disease.Methods Epidemic data of typhoid and paratyphoid in Ningbo from 2010 to 2015 were collected and statistically analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and Excel 2003 software.Samples were isolated and identified for strains which were subsequently typed and analyzed for drug resistance.Results The annual incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid was 1.93 per 100 000 from 2010 to 2015.The epidemic incident peaks were during January-Februry and May-July.The age of onset was mainly concentrated in the age of 20-59.These typhoid and paratyphoid salmonella strains were biochemical typical,high drug resistant to cephalosporin and amino glycoside antibiotics.PFGE results showed that paratyphoid Salmonella type was relatively concentrated,while typhoid Salmonella PFGE were more scattered.Conclusion The incidence of typhoid and paratyphoid in Ningbo from 2010 to 2015 remained quite low levels.The sub onset of winter and spring related to food is a major feature of the region.However,the major serotypes of strains were transforming to Salmonella type.Pathogens are more sensitive to carbapenems and quinolones.

关 键 词：伤寒 副伤寒 流行特征 菌株鉴定 耐药性 脉冲场凝胶电泳分型 

分 类 号：R516.3[医药卫生—内科学]