我国不同诊断标准下肥胖流行病学特征分析  

Epidemic characteristics of obesity in China under various diagnostic criteria

作　　者：贾爱华[1] 徐少勇[1] 明洁[1] 周洁[1] 郭建华[1] 刘纯[1] 郝盼蕊 姬秋和[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院内分泌代谢科,西安710032

出　　处：《中华糖尿病杂志》2017年第4期221-225,共5页CHINESE JOURNAL OF DIABETES MELLITUS

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划（2013KTZB03-02-01）

摘　　要：目的分析我国肥胖流行特点，为早期干预，减少相关并发症提供依据。方法本研究是中国糖尿病及代谢紊乱研究的一部分，收集2007至2008年我国20岁及以上的常住人口，采用多阶段、分层、整群抽样的方法进行抽样进行调查。分别以24 kg/m2≤体质指数（BMI）〈28 kg/m2，BMI≥28 kg/m2为超重和肥胖的诊断标准；腰围（WC）男性≥90 cm，女性≥85 cm为腹型肥胖诊断标准；体脂含量（BF）男性≥20%，女性≥30%为肥胖诊断切割点进行分析。组间比较采用t检验，用受试者工作特征曲线分析男性及女性BMI和WC的最佳切点。结果共纳入23 922人，年龄20~88岁，平均年龄（45±14）岁。其中男性9 718名，平均年龄（45±14）岁，女性14 204名，平均年龄（45±13）岁。以BMI为判断标准时，总体人群超重及肥胖患病率男性和女性分别为56.49%（5 473/9 688）和46.51%（6 591/14 171）；总体人群肥胖患病率男女分别为17.10%（1 657/9 688）和13.37%（1 895/14 171）。以WC为判断标准时，男性和女性肥胖患病率分别为37.73%（3 658/9 695）和29.94%（4 141/14 165）。当以BF为肥胖判断标准，男性和女性肥胖患病率明显升高，分别高达77.79%（7 560/9 718）和59.16%（8 403/14 204）。分别以男性BF≥30%和女性BF≥20%为肥胖切点时，对应的BMI分别为23.0、22.9 kg/m2。结论我国人群男性超重和肥胖的患病率高于女性。评估肥胖时仅用BMI可能会低估肥胖的患病率。Objective To analyze the prevalence and epidemic characteristics of obesity in China and provide the evidence for the early interventions to decrease the complications of obesity. Methods This population-based cohort study was based on China National Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Survey. Data were collected during 2007-2008. A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to select a nationally representative sample of Chinese adults aged no less than 20 years. A structured questionnaire was used to collect the information of physical examination. The cut-off values of BMI to define overweight and obesity were no less than 24 kg/m2 and 28 kg/m2, respectively. Abdominal obesity was diagnosed if the waist circumference （WC） was no less than 90 cm in men or no less than 85 cm in women. Body fat （BF） greater than or equal to 20% in man or 30% in women was considered to be obesity. The t test was applied in data analysis. Results A total of 14 204 women and 9 718 men aged 20-88 years were included in this study. The average age was （45±14） years. Using BMI as a diagnostic standard, the prevalence of overweight and obesity were 46.51%（6 591/14 171） in women and 56.49% （5 473/9 688）in men. The prevalence of obesity were 13.37% （1 895/14 171） in women and 17.10% （1 657/9 688） in men. The prevalence of abdominal obesity were 37.73% （3 658/9 695）for men and 29.94% （4 141/14 165） for women when using WC as standard. When BF was used to define obesity, the prevalence were 77.79% （7 560/9 718） and 59.16% （8 403/14 204） in men and women, respectively. When using BF no less than 20% in men or 30% in women to define obesity, the corresponding cut off values of BMI were 23.0 kg/m2 and 22.9 kg/m2, respectively. Conclusion Men have higher prevalence of overweight and obesity than women. Using BMI alone to evaluate obesity may not be suitable since this will underestimate the prevalence of obesity.

关 键 词：肥胖 体质指数 腰围 体脂含量 

分 类 号：R589.2[医药卫生—内分泌]