变形椭圆齿轮式扎穴机构设计与工作参数试验优化  

Design of Pricking Hole Mechanism with Deformation Elliptical Gears and Experiment Optimization of Working Parameters

作　　者：冯金龙[1,2] 王金武[1] 周文琪[1] 唐汉[1] 刘春香[3] 

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学工程学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江八一农垦大学工程学院,大庆163319 [3]黑龙江工程学院机电工程学院,哈尔滨150050

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2017年第4期90-96,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51675093)

摘　　要：针对深施型液态施肥机扎穴机构多参数下动力学性能差等问题,探索多工作参数下的变形椭圆齿轮式扎穴机构动力学变化规律,通过建立变形椭圆齿轮行星轮系的节曲线方程,采用Visual Basic 6.0语言,编写了变形椭圆齿轮式扎穴机构运动学仿真与优化软件,调节变形椭圆齿轮的长半轴长度、变形椭圆齿轮偏心率与变形椭圆齿轮变形系数等相关参数,优化并得到一组机构较优参数。搭建了扎穴机构动力学特性测试试验台,进行动力学特性试验。采用旋转中心复合试验设计方案,以行星架转速和土槽车前进速度为试验影响因素,以太阳轮轴所受扭矩和喷肥针入土时受到的拉压力为试验影响指标。在试验台上利用扭矩传感器、信号采集仪和DASP-10处理软件,测得太阳轮轴扭矩和喷肥针入土时受到的拉压力,建立试验影响因素和影响指标的关系模型及响应曲面图,并运用Design-Expert 8.0.10软件对试验数据进行分析。试验结果表明,当行星架转速64.4 r/min,前进速度0.61 m/s时,太阳轮轴扭矩为5.05 N·m,喷肥针受到的拉压力为20.03 N,此时机构动力学性能最优。应用此参数组合进行测试验证,验证了其合理性。该研究结果可保证扎穴机构在多工作参数下工作时,机具具有良好的扎穴性能。Aiming to the bad performance of pricking hole with liquid fertilizer applicator for deep-into type,and explore the changing rule of dynamics of pricking hole mechanism with deformation elliptical gears in the working parameters,equation of gear pitch curves of pricking hole mechanism with deformation gears was built,the simulation software of kinematics analysis was compiled,which was written for pricking hole mechanism with deformation elliptical gears based on Visual Basic 6.0development platform,some parameters like the semi-major axis,eccentricity ratio and deformation coefficient of deformation elliptical gears were adjusted,and the optimal parameters were obtained.Bench of dynamics test of pricking hole mechanism with deformation elliptical gears was also set up.Scheme of test design of rotation center composite was used,with speed of planet frame and forward speed of bench car as test factors,and torque of sun shaft and tension and pressure of spray fertilizer needle into the soil as the test optimizing index.The torque of sun shaft and tension and pressure of spray fertilizer needle into the soil were measured by using torque sensor,signal acquisition instrument and DASP-10 processing software on the test bench,the regression equation and diagram of response surface were obtained,experimental data was analyzed by using Design-Expert 8.0.10.Test results showed that when the speed of planet frame was 64.4 r/min,the forward speed was 0.61 m/s,the torque of sun shaft was 5.05 N·m,tension and pressure of spray fertilizer needle was 20.03 N,the dynamics performance of mechanism wasoptimal under above conditions.The test was verified by applying these parameters to validate its rationality.The research results can guarantee pricking hole mechanism to have a good pricking hole performance under many working parameters and provide theoretical reference for structure optimization design.

关 键 词：液态施肥机 扎穴机构 变形椭圆齿轮 运动学仿真 试验优化 

分 类 号：S224.21[农业科学—农业机械化工程]