方草捆集捆机设计与试验  

Design and Experiment of Rectangular Bale Multipack

作　　者：高旭宏[1,2] 徐向阳[1] 王书翰[1] 刘立强 赵伟 李杨 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学交通科学与工程学院,北京100191 [2]航天新长征电动汽车技术有限公司,北京100176

出　　处：《农业机械学报》2017年第4期111-117,共7页Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51105017);航天技术应用产业"高端农牧设备"项目(0504150111)

摘　　要：为解决方草捆捡拾效率低、费用高,长途运输难等问题,设计了方草捆集捆机。该机由底盘、捡拾器、推草机构、举草机构、压绳器和卸草机构等部件组成,基于EPEC2024搭建了控制系统,只需单人驾驶和操作,通过变量泵、马达和油缸驱动各部件快速实现对方草捆的捡拾、挤压和捆扎。按照作业功能对各结构部件采用分模块设计,通过计算各液压回路的流量保证作业速度和作业效率,匹配硬件电路并使用Codesys编写程序控制作业流程。分别在内蒙古自治区赤峰市和辽宁省黑山县对方草捆和秸秆方捆进行了捡拾及捆扎的场地试验,结果表明:整机最大牵引车速达到20.5 km/h,作业时系统最大流量为101.6 L/min,一次能实现12个方草捆的捆扎。方草捆的集捆成捆率达到89.5%,纯工作小时内集捆生产率为12大捆/h,同等条件下与人工捡拾方式相比,捡拾效率提高了34.5%,人工费用降低了62.5%,综合费用降低了18.2%,而且增强了对自然环境的适应性,缩短了长途运输的准备周期,满足实际生产的使用要求。A new rectangular bale multipack was designed to solve the difficulty of low efficiency,high costs and transportation inconvenience in the process of collecting rectangular bale.The rectangular bale multipack was composed of chassis,pickup,pushing bale device,raising bale device,pressuring line device and unloading bale device,etc.Based on EPEC2024 controller,the pump,motors and cylinders were drived to make some rectangular bales into one big rectangular bale.In operation,the rectangular bale multipack had the ability of collecting 12 rectangular bales at one time.The maximum driving speed of the rectangular bale multipack exceeded 20.5 km/h and the maximum hydraulic flow was 101.6 L/min.The field experiments for picking up rectangular bale and straw rectangular bale were carried out in Inner Mongolia and Liaoning Province,respectively.The test results showed that collecting bale rate and collecting bale productivity of the rectangular bale multipack was 89.5% and 12 bdl/h,respectively.Compared with artificial operation,the collecting bale efficiency was improved by 34.5%,meanwhile,the artificial costs and composite expenses were declined by 62.5% and 18.2%,respectively.The preparation cycle for long-distance transportation was also cut down.All of the works,including picking up and packing some rectangular bales were done by one operator driving the tractor simultaneously,and the rectangular bale multipack can meet reality needs.

关 键 词：方草捆 集捆机 设计 试验 

分 类 号：S817.113[农业科学—畜牧学]