急性肾损伤的生物学标志物能否帮助早期诊断?  

Can biomarkers help early diagnosis of acute kidney injury?

作　　者：唐昊[1] 蒋东坡[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学大坪医院野战外科研究所全军战创伤中心,创伤,烧伤与复合伤国家重点实验室,重症医学科,重庆400042

出　　处：《中华重症医学电子杂志》2017年第1期33-39,共7页Chinese Journal Of Critical Care & Intensive Care Medicine(Electronic Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(81372027)

摘　　要：目前,尽管有许多关于急性肾损伤(acute kidney injury,AKI)定义和分期的新进展,但是AKI的诊断依然基于尿量和/或血肌酐水平。因此,最近十年的相关研究焦点在于发现和证实肾器质和功能损害的灵敏度、特异度更高的生物学标志物。最佳的生物学标志物能够识别AKI的发生风险,比传统检测更早诊断AKI,并能预测疾病进展风险,如肾替代治疗(renal replacement therapy,RRT)的需求,从而能够改善AKI患者的预后。本文将就AKI生物学标志物的研究现状、用于早期诊断AKI及其临床应用前景进行综述,以期对AKI的早期诊断和有效治疗的选择提供依据。Despite recent developments in definition and staging of acute kidney injury （AKI）, the diagnosis of AKI is still based on oliguria and/or an increase in serum creatinine concentration. Consequently, research in the last decade has focused on the discovery and validation of more specific and sensitive biomarkers of tubular damage and functional impairment. The most advanced biomarkers promise to identify patients at risk of AKI, diagnose AKI earlier than conventional tests, predict the risk of progression, including need for renal replacement therapy （RRT） and improve the prognosis. This review summarizes the important biomarkers identified by previous studies and aims to highlight the advancements that might provide new evidence for early clinical diagnosis and effective therapeutic options.

关 键 词：急性肾功能不全 生物学标记 诊断 

分 类 号：R692[医药卫生—泌尿科学]