基于鱼类友好理念的水轮机改型及特性分析  

An Analysis of Hydroturbine Modification Based on the Fish-friendly Concept and Characteristics

作　　者：赵文龙[1] 周大庆[1] 林奇峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]河海大学能源与电气学院,南京211100

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2017年第4期177-179,183,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51339005)

摘　　要：在越发重视生态保护的今天,水轮机过鱼时减少和消除对鱼类损伤的能力已成为是否环境友好的重要指标。基于国内某电站轴流式水轮机的设计参数建立模型,并基于鱼类友好理念初步针对鱼类普遍受伤因素对原始模型进行几何形状改进。运用CFD数值模拟方法,在同一工况下分别将模型的导叶、轮毂、轮缘、转轮室进出口进行单一改型以及将整合所有改型方式后的模型与原始模型进行水力性能对比,得出导叶改型后效率降低1.76%,出力提升0.02k W;轮毂和转轮室进出口改型后效率和出力基本不变;而轮缘改型后效率提升2.18%且出力增加0.07 k W;整合改型后的模型效率下降3.11%,出力降低0.05 k W。The ability to reduce anti eliminate the damage to fishes passing through the hydro-turbine has become all important indicator to judge whether the hydro-turbine is environmental-friendly. This paper establishes the original scaled Kaplan hydro-turbine model anti modifies the gemnetry of the original model passages such as guide vanes, the hub, the shroud, the runner chamber based on the fish-friendly concept. The CFD numerical simulation bas been conducted under different schemes of the sole and integrated passage modifications, and compared with the original model test resuhs under the same condition. In conclusion, the efficiency decreases by 1.76% and the output increases by 0.02 kW after the modification of the guide vane, and efficiency and output are ahnost unchanged ＇after the modification of hub and runner chamber. However, the modification of shroud enha,wes an efficiency of 2.18% and increases the output. After the integration of all modifica- tions, effieiency decrease by 3.11% and the output decreases by 0.05 kW.

关 键 词：轴流式水轮机 数值模拟 鱼类友好 改型设计 

分 类 号：TV131.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学] TK733.3[交通运输工程—轮机工程]