根际高温对不同砧木黄瓜嫁接苗开花结果期生理特性及果实品质的影响  

Effects of high temperature in rhizosphere on the fruit quality and physiological characteristics of grafted cucumber seedlings during flowering and fruiting period

作　　者：李思思[1,2] 张红梅[2] 金海军[2] 丁小涛[2] 余纪柱[2] 朱月林[1] 盛亚红[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学园艺学院,南京210095 [2]上海市农业科学院设施园艺研究所上海市设施园艺技术重点实验室,上海201403

出　　处：《上海农业学报》2017年第2期19-25,共7页Acta Agriculturae Shanghai

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项"蔬菜现代产业技术体系研究与建立"(nyhyzx07-007);上海市科技兴农推广项目"基于互联网+的智慧农场示范"[沪农科推字(2016)第2-5-8号];上海市科研计划项目"优质抗病黄瓜种质资源创新及新品种选育"(16391901100)

摘　　要：以黑籽南瓜(Cucurbita ficifolia ficifolia Bouche)、日本南瓜(Cucurbita moschata)、‘甬砧8号'白籽南瓜(Cucurbita maxima×Cucurbita moschata‘Yongzhen No.8')、‘五叶香'丝瓜(Luffa cylindrica‘Wuyexiang')和‘傲美'苦瓜(Momordica charantin‘Aomei')为砧木,‘春秋王2号'黄瓜(Cucumis sativus‘Chunqiuwang No.2')为接穗,采用营养液栽培法,研究了不同砧木黄瓜嫁接苗的成活率,以及开花结果期嫁接植株和自根植株在25℃(CK)和35℃根际温度下处理5 d及恢复生长5 d后的生理特性及果实品质。结果表明:黑籽南瓜砧木嫁接苗成活率最高;根际高温处理后,开花结果期的嫁接植株和自根植株叶片丙二醛、脯氨酸、可溶性糖含量及抗氧化酶活性升高,根系活力下降;可溶性蛋白含量在‘傲美'苦瓜砧、黑籽南瓜砧嫁接植株和自根植株叶片内降低,在其他砧木嫁接植株叶片内升高;日本南瓜砧木嫁接植株果实可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量最高,游离氨基酸含量仅次于黑籽南瓜砧木嫁接植株果实,VC含量仅次于‘五叶香'丝瓜砧木嫁接植株果实。综合来看,日本南瓜作砧木嫁接植株果实品质最佳。研究还表明:在开花结果期不同砧木黄瓜嫁接植株对根际高温的耐受性存在明显差异,其中以‘五叶香'丝瓜作砧木的嫁接植株耐受性最强。Taking Cucurbita .fieifolia Bouch6, Cucurbita mosehata , Cucurbita maxima x Cucurbita moschata ＇ Yongzhen No. 8 ＇ , Luffa eylindriea ＇ Wuyexiang＇ and Momordica eharantin ＇ Aomei＇ as rootstock, Cueumis sativus ＇ Chunqiuwang No. 2＇ as scion, the survival rate of grafted cucumber with different rootstocks, and the physiological characteristics and fruit quality of grafted and serf rooted plants treated with normal temperature （25 ℃ ） and high temperature （ 35 ℃ ） in rhizosphere for 5 d and recovered for 5 d during flowering and fruiting period were studied by hydroponic cultivation method. The results showed that the survival rate of grafted cucumber seedling with Cucurbita fieifolia Bouche was the highest. After treated by high temperature （35 ℃ ） in rhizosphere for 5 d, the content of MDA, proline, soluble sugar and antioxidant enzyme activity in leaves of the grafted and self rooted plants increased durin~ flowering and fruiting period, and the root activitv decreased. The soluble protein content decreased in leaves of self-rooted seedling and grafted seedling ＇ Aomei ＇ and Cucurbita ficifolia Bouchr, and increased in leaves of the other rootstock with Momordica charantin grafted plants. The content of soluble sugar and soluble protein in fruit of Cucurbita moschata rootstock grafting plants were the highest; and free amino acids content in fruit was after Cucurbita ficifolia Bouch6 rootstock grafting plant, VC content in fruit was after Luffa cylindrica ＇ Wuyexiang＇ rootstock grafting plant. Taken together, the fruit quality of Cucurbita moschata rootstock grafting plant was the best. It was also suggested that there were obvious differences in tolerance to high temperature in rhizosphere of fruiting period. Among which, tolerance grafted of grafted cucumber with different rootstocks during flowering and plants with Luffa cylindrica ＇Wuyexiang＇ was the strongest

关 键 词：黄瓜 嫁接 根际高温 生理特性 果实品质 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]