基于质量功能配置法的危险品运输风险分析  

A method for analyzing risk in transportation dangerous goods based on QFD

作　　者：杨强[1] 李延来[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学交通运输与物流学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2017年第3期65-70,共6页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(71371156)

摘　　要：为确定危险品运输过程中不同风险影响因素的相对重要度,方便危险品运输企业合理配置有限资源,提出基于质量功能配置(QFD)法的危险品运输风险影响因素的重要度分析方法。首先,应用QFD方法在服务设计阶段充分识别风险影响因素。然后,基于AHP法和熵值法,构建使专家主客观权重偏差最小化的综合赋权模型。最后,基于模糊语言术语和三角模糊数,构建模糊环境中风险影响因素的重要度评估模型。通过该模型,确定运输过程中各影响因素的相对重要度。算例结果表明,危险品运输设备、交通沿线状况、从业人员的专业技能、应急安全保障设备和风险应急预案对危险品运输的风险有较大影响。In order to determine the values of relative importance of factors influencing risk in dangerous goods transportation,and facilitate dangerous goods transportation company to allocate limited resources,the paper was aimed at developing a method for analyzing the importance of factors influencing risk in dangerous goods＇ transportation based on the quality function deployment method. Firstly,QFD method was used to fully identify the risk factors in the service designs stage. Secondly,on the basic of both AHP and entropy value method,a model was built for assigning values to weights of experts,which can minimize the difference between the subjective weight and the objective weight. Finally,an evaluation model was built for risk factors importance in the fuzzy environment based on the fuzzy linguistic variables and triangular fuzzy numbers. Then values of relative importance of factors influencing risk in the transport process were obtained by using the model. The example＇s results show that transport equipment,traffic conditions,professional skills of practitioners,emergency equipment and emergency plans have a greater impact on the risk in dangerous goods＇ transportation.

关 键 词：危险品运输 质量功能配置方法(QFD) 熵值法 综合赋权 三角模糊数 相对重要度 

分 类 号：X951[环境科学与工程—安全科学]