近50a江淮地区梅雨期水汽输送特征研究  

Features of moisture transport in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin during the Meiyu season in the last 50 years

作　　者：王志毅[1] 高庆九[2] 胡邦辉[1] 孙玉婷 

机构地区：[1]解放军理工大学气象海洋学院,江苏南京211101 [2]南京信息工程大学气象灾害教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210044 [3]湖北省公众气象服务中心,湖北武汉430074

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2017年第1期48-60,共13页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41475070;41330420)

摘　　要：利用1958—2007年ERA再分析风场及气压场资料和APHRO高分辨率逐日降水资料,对近50 a来梅雨期水汽输送的时空特征及其与江淮地区降水的关系进行了研究,发现各条水汽通道对江淮地区梅雨期降水强度及范围的影响程度均不同。梅雨期影响我国降水的水汽输送有显著的年际变化,并且水汽输送强弱年对应江淮地区降水强度也有明显差异。相关分析及合成差值的结果显示,西太平洋水汽输送贡献更大,且西太平洋水汽输送(东南通道)增强时,江淮地区降水增多。印度洋水汽输送的加强会减弱太平洋的水汽输送从而使得江淮少雨。在全球变暖的背景下,西太平洋的水汽输送对降水的增强作用有所减弱而印度洋输送所导致降水强度减弱的范围则明显扩大。自1980年起,江淮降水出现缓慢增多的趋势与全球变暖所导致的东亚环流异常进而影响水汽输送异常相关。Meiyu refers to a special season of rainy weather that usually happens in early summer in China＇s Yangtze River region.The intensity,range and other characteristics of Meiyu precipitation,including trends of change,have important influences on the economic development,agricultural production,and lives of the people residing in this region.In recent years,an abnormal enhancement in rainstorm intensity,an increase in associated damage,and other atypical features have become more frequent.In other words,the Meiyu has begun to show new characteristics against the background of global warming.Choosing the moisture source during the Meiyu season as the starting point,the vapor transport characteristics over China＇s Yangtze River region were studied and discussed in this paper.The spatiotemporal characteristics of June-July Asian monsoon moisture transport and its relationship with precipitation over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin were investigated using ERA reanalysis data of wind and pressure,along with APHRODITE daily precipitation data for East Asia,over the period 1958-2007.Results showed that different moisture paths connected with different regional rainfall in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin.By calculating the water vapor flux intensity,three main water vapor paths that influence Meiyu precipitation in the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin were partitioned out.The strongest transmission intensity belonged to the southwest path,but the greater contribution to Meiyu precipitation was from the South China Sea path and the southeast path.Meridional water vapor transport of the southwest path enhanced local precipitation in the western part of the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin,while zonal transport reduced precipitation in the northern part;The influence of the South China Sea path on precipitation over the Yangtze-Huaihe River Basin featured reverse characteristics in the north and south.The precipitation in the area north of the basin was weakened by the direction of the meridional transport,while most areas south of the

关 键 词：水汽输送 江淮地区 梅雨 全球变暖 气候变化 

分 类 号：P426[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]