挪威北海最大波高的影响分析  

Influence of the Maximum Wave Height in the Norwegian Sea

作　　者：文铖[1,2] 陶爱峰[1,2] 李硕[2] 颜晋[2] 曹广随 

机构地区：[1]海岸灾害及防护教育部重点实验室(河海大学),江苏南京210098 [2]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2017年第2期12-22,共11页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51579091;41106001);江苏省"青蓝工程"优秀青年骨干教师项目资助

摘　　要：最大波高作为表征海浪强度和危险程度的重要指标,既是设计波浪推算的依据,同时又对海洋预报有重要的作用。基于瑞利分布得到的最大波高公式,不能体现波陡和谱宽度等非线性因素的影响,由该公式得出的理论最大波高与实际观测值有偏差。采用相位平均方法的海浪数值模型分析,可以根据海浪谱计算得到有效波高,却无法给出最大波高。本文通过分析挪威北海定点十年的船测波面资料,得出波浪谱,进一步推算出波陡和谱宽度对最大波高的影响。首先提出一种实测波数的替代方式,然后分别研究波陡和谱宽度对最大波高的影响。研究发现随着波陡和谱宽度的增加,Hmax/Hs逐渐减小,并拟合出最大波高与Cartwright谱宽度参数的公式,得到较好的拟合效果。The maximum wave height is used as an important indicator of wave strength and dangerous degree. It is not only the basis to calculate the design wave, but also has important effect on oceanic forecast. The maximum wave height formula based on the Rayleigh distribution cannot reflect the non- linear influence, such as wave steepness and spectral width, and thus there is a deviation between the observed value and the theoretically maximum wave height. The wave numerical model using phase-aw erage method can get significant wave height through wave spectrum, but cannot get the maximum wave height. This paper analyses 10-year wave data of in-situ measurements from the ocean weather ship in the Norwegian Sea, gets wave spectrum, and further calculates the influence of wave steepness and spectral width on the maximum wave height. A method was suggested to replace the measured wave number and then the influence of wave steepness and spectral width on the maximum wave height was analyzed. The results show that the Hmax/Hs decreases gradually with ness or spectral width. A formula was proposed to obtain the maximum width, which gets reasonable fitting effect. the increase of wave steep wave height and spectral

关 键 词：最大波高 海浪谱 波数 波陡 谱宽度 

分 类 号：P731.33[天文地球—海洋科学]