大连市2006—2014年学生伤害监测结果分析  

Surveillance and analysis on injuries of 15002 school students in Dalian

作　　者：周毅恒[1] 王晓锋[1] 梅丹[1] 陈杨[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁省大连市疾病预防控制中心,116021 [2]大连医科大学

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2017年第4期583-585,588,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

摘　　要：目的了解大连市学生伤害发生情况及分布特征,为有效开展干预提供依据。方法收集与分析大连市2006—2014年3所伤害监测医院急诊首诊为伤害的学生伤害监测数据。结果共收集学生伤害病例15 002例,其中男生占71.0%,女生占29.0%。学生伤害发生地主要是学校(37.8%)、公共场所(17.9%)和公路/街道(17.6%)。1 d中,12:00和17:00伤害发生频率较高。跌倒/坠落(40.1%)是伤害发生的首位原因,其次是钝器伤(25.8%)、刀/锐器伤(15.6%)。伤害部位以上肢(31.5%)、下肢(30.7%)和头部(26.2%)较为常见。伤害性质主要为挫/擦伤(45.7%)、锐器/开放伤(24.4%)以及扭伤(18.8%)。轻度伤害占81.5%,中度伤害占17.8%,重度伤害占0.7%。82.7%的伤害是意外伤害,故意伤害占16.0%,自伤占0.6%。结论应针对不同阶段学生的特点,开展有效的安全教育,减少伤害的发生,保障学生健康。Objective The study aimed to assess the incidence and prevalence of injury among school students in Dalian, in order to provide scientific basis for making appropriate intervention measures. Methods All injured students visited emergency rooms in 3 injury surveillance sentinel hospitals for the first time from 2006 to 2014 in Dalian were collected and analyzed. Results Totally 15 002 cases of injured students were collected, of which 71.0% were male and 29.0% were female, with sex ratio of （2.4 ： 1）. The injuries occurred mostly in school （ 37.8%）, public place （17.9%） and road/street （17.6%）. The peak time of in- jury were 12pm and 5pro in one day. Fall was the leading cause of injuries （40.1%）, followed by blunt injury （25.8%）, cutting （15.6%）. The damage mostly occurred in the upper limbs, lower limbs and head. The most common types of injury were bruise/ scratch injury （45.7%）, sharp/open injury （24.4%） and strain injury （18.8%）. Most injuries were minor injury （81.5%）, fol- lowed by moderate injury （17.8%） and severe injury （0.7%）. 82.7% of the injury was accidental, intentional injury accounted 16.0% and self-injury accounted 0.6%. Conclusion Effective safe education should be carried oat to reduce the occurrence of in- jury for the sake of child and adolescent health.

关 键 词：创伤和损伤 公共卫生 组织和管理 学生 

分 类 号：R195[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R264[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]