震后典型建筑物倒塌分类及救援特点分析  

Classification of Typical Building Collapse and Analysis of Rescue Characteristics after the Earthquake

作　　者：刘晶晶[1] 宁宝坤[1] 吕瑞瑞[1] 胡杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震应急搜救中心,北京100049

出　　处：《震灾防御技术》2017年第1期220-229,共10页Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention

摘　　要：震后建筑物倒塌造成人员埋压,快速的搜索与营救是有效减少伤亡的重要途径之一。本文通过研究震后典型建筑物倒塌类型,从建筑物垂直和水平破坏角度出发,提出一套三级分类体系,并对每类倒塌建筑物的受力及生存空间进行讨论。同时结合大量文献及汶川地震救援案例资料,重点分析总结各类建筑物救援时的路线选择、救援通道建立、被困人员施救等技术特点。After the earthquake, the collapsed buildings have always caused people buried, thus rapid search and rescue have become one of the most important ways to reduce casualties effectively. Through the research of typical building collapse after the earthquake, from the perspective of vertical and horizontal building destructions, we have put forward a set of three-level classification system, and discussed each variety of collapsed building stress and living space. At the same time, combined with a large number of documents and rescue cases of the Wenchuan earthquake, for all kinds of buildings we focus on analyzing and summarizing the rescue route selection, channel establishment, rescue techniques for personnel trapped.

关 键 词：地震灾害 建筑物 倒塌类型 救援 

分 类 号：P315.9[天文地球—地震学]