黄河头道拐断面河道冲淤变化及河床演变特征分析  

Analysis of the river sedimentation and change of riverbed evolution in Toudaoguai section of the Yellow River

作　　者：梁卉[1] 裴国霞[1] 郝拉柱[2] 杨红[1] LIANG Hui PEI Guoxia HAO Lazhu YANG Hong(Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering College,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010018, China Vocational and Technical College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Baotou,Inner Mongolia 014000, China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特010018 [2]内蒙古农业大学职业技术学院,内蒙古包头014000

出　　处：《中国科技论文》2017年第3期296-300,共5页China Sciencepaper

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51369021)

摘　　要：针对近年来黄河内蒙段防洪、防凌形势严峻,河槽萎缩日益加重等问题,分析了黄河内蒙段头道拐断面河床冲淤演变特征。通过同流量水位变化,分析该河段河床冲淤变化发现:该河段在2008年以前呈微淤状态,在2008年以后呈冲刷趋势,并有"凹岸冲刷、凸岸淤积"的特点;依据头道拐水文站的水文资料及遥感数据影像的分析,分别以1987年头道拐河道横向水深变化及平面河势变化为基础分析了2006、2010、2014年头道拐河道的相应变化,发现在水流作用的影响下,弯曲河道凹岸的冲刷速度大于凸岸的淤积速度,河道形成旋涡回流。以上结果均是在水流条件及外界条件的共同作用下造成的,水沙条件变化必将导致河道演变,研究水沙条件变化规律有利于充分认识河床演变规律,为今后解决防洪、防凌问题提供依据。In recent years, the situation of flood and ice control, and channel shrinkage in the Inner Mongolia section of the Yellow River has become serious. This paper comprehensively analyzed the riverbed evolution characteristics in the Inner Mongolia Toud-aoguai from different aspects. According to the changes of water level at the same discharge, the results show that the character-istics of the riverbed balance of erosion and accretionis concave bank erosion and convex bank accretion in this section recently. Based on the hydrological and remote sensing image data from the Toudaoguai hydrological station, the geological data, and the change of river longitudinal and plane in 1987,the changes of the plane regime of Toudaoguai section in 2006,2010 and 2014 were analyzed. Under the influence of the action of the water flow,the river course forms an eddy current. The above results are formed under the action of the water flow condition and the external condition, which will result in the river channel evolution The condition of water and the sediment change law is beneficial to fully recognize the riverbed evolution law, providing the basis for solving the problem of flood control, ice prevention in future.

关 键 词：水力学 河流动力学 河床冲淤 黄河头道拐断面 同流量水位 平面河势变化 旋涡回流 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]