行星齿轮箱典型故障对内齿圈齿根应变的作用机理研究  

Action mechanism of planetary gearbox's typical faults on tooth root strain of ring gear

作　　者：牛杭 张小栋[2,1] 赵欣丹 侯成刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学现代设计及转子轴承系统教育部重点实验室,西安710049

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2017年第9期253-260,共8页Journal of Vibration and Shock

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51675419)

摘　　要：行星齿轮箱由于具有优良的特性被广泛应用于多领域的机械传动系统中,但恶劣的工作条件导致其故障频发,因此开展行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法的研究工作十分必要。传统的基于振动信号的故障诊断方法在识别行星齿轮箱早期微弱故障方面具有局限性,为此提出基于内齿圈齿根应变信号的行星齿轮箱故障诊断方法,并主要开展行星齿轮箱典型故障对内齿圈齿根应变的作用机理研究工作。分析行星齿轮箱内齿圈齿根应变模型的构建方法,将内齿圈齿根应变模型分解为行星轮-内齿圈啮合力模型、内齿圈轮齿的齿形系数模型和齿间载荷分配系数模型;利用行星齿轮箱的纯扭转模型计算行星轮-内齿圈啮合力,利用材料力学理论推导内齿圈轮齿的齿形系数,并对行星轮-内齿圈啮合过程中的齿间载荷分配系数进行分析;研究行星齿轮箱典型故障对啮合刚度的影响,并根据内齿圈齿根应变模型计算得到典型故障下内齿圈齿根应变的变化规律。建模仿真计算分析结果表明,不同类型、不同部位、不同剧烈程度的故障会对行星齿轮箱内齿圈齿根应变信号造成不同影响,利用内齿圈齿根应变信号可有效识别行星齿轮箱的故障行为。Planetary gearboxes have lots of advantages and are widely used in mechanical transmission systems of many fields. However, severe work conditions result in many failures of planetary gearboxes, so it is necessary to develop their fault diagnosis methods. Traditional fault diagnosis methods of planetary gearboxes based on vibration signals have limitations to identify their early and weak faults, so a new fault diagnosis method based on their ring gears'tooth root strain signals was proposed and the action mechanism of planetary gearbox's typical faults on their tooth root strain of ring gear was discussed here. Firstly, the modeling method of the tooth root strain of ring gear was analyzed, and the model of the tooth root strain of ring gear was decomposed into the planetary wheelring gear meshing force model, the ring gear tooth form coefficient model and the load between teeth sharing coefficient model. Secondly, the planetary wheelring gear meshing force was calculated with the torsional model of planetary gearboxes, the ring gear tooth form coefficient was derived with the mechanics of materials, and the load between teeth sharing coefficeient of internal meshing was analyzed. Finally, the effects of the faults of planetary gearboxes on the meshing stiffness were studied, and the variation laws of tooth root strain of ring gear under typical faults were computed with the model of the toothroot strain of ring gear. The modeling simulation results showed that faults of different types, different positions and different intensities have different influences on the tooth root strain signals of ring gear and the proposed fault diagnosis method of planetary gearboxes based on tooth root strain is feasible theoretically. © 2017, Editorial Office of Journal of Vibration and Shock. All right reserved.

关 键 词：行星齿轮箱 内齿圈 齿根应变 振动 故障诊断 

分 类 号：TH132.41[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH17