典型生态旅游城市黔江区大气污染物分析及健康风险评估  

On Evaluation of Typical Ecotourism City of Atmospheric Pollutants and Health Risk Assessment in Qianjiang District

作　　者：张永江 邓茂 黄晓容 王化杰[2] 李莹莹 姚靖 ZHANG Yong-jiang DENG Mao HUANG Xiao-rong WANG Hua-jie LI Ying-ying YAO Jing(Environmental Monitoring Center Station of Qianjiang District in Chongqing, Qianjiang Chongqing 409099 , China Department of Chemical Engineering,Anhui Vocational and Technical College,Hefei 230011, China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市黔江区环境监测中心站,重庆黔江409099 [2]安徽职业技术学院化学工程系,合肥230011

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2017年第4期81-87,共7页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：重庆市科委基础科学与前沿技术研究项目(cstc2015jcyjA0002);重庆市环境保护局科技项目(环科字2015CF第101号)

摘　　要：以典型生态旅游城市黔江城区大气为研究对象,采用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析和多元统计分析等方法对大气污染物进行研究,结果表明:黔江城区主要污染物随季节变化呈明显时空变化特征,PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2,O_3年平均质量浓度分别为(55±19.4),(28±12.5),(18±8.0),(28±5.8),(22±4.8)μg/m^3,均符合国家二级标准(GB3095-2012).研究期间气压、温度、风速和湿度等重要气象因子对5种大气污染物均产生显著性影响;5种大气污染物之间也存在极显著性或显著性影响.利用主成分分析和正交旋转方法,共抽取3个主成分,累计解释了总因子的38.067%,58.408%,70.148%,反映了人类生产生活活动、汽车污染源等排放.气象因子与大气环境中5种污染物之间具有聚合性,综合分为2类,其聚类距离大小为:第一类PM_(10),SO_2,NO_2小于气压,PM_(2.5)最大;第二类O_3、风速小于风向和湿度,温度最大.城区大气环境中PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)健康风险值为0.78×10^(-6)~1.64×10^(-6),0.52×10^(-6)~1.72×10^(-6),除夏季外,其余3个季节均为PM_(2.5)值大于PM_(10)值,由此表明PM_(2.5)比PM_(10)对人类的健康危害更大.In this paper,the typical ecotourism city atmosphere as the research object has been studied with the correlation analysis,principal component analysis,cluster analysis and multivariate statistical analysis of the atmospheric pollutants in Qianjiang District.The results show that the main pollutants showed obvious temporal and spatial variation characteristics with the seasonal variation.The annual average of PM_(10),PM_(2.5),SO_2,NO_2 and O_3are respectively(55±19.4),(28±12.5),(18±8.0),(28±5.8),(22±4.8)μg/m^3 in Qianjiang district.Atmospheric pressure,temperature,wind speed and humidity and other important meteorological factors have a significant impact on the five kinds of atmospheric pollutants.Five kinds of atmospheric pollutants also have a very significant or significant impact.Using principal component analysis and orthogonal rotation method,collected a total of 3principal components,the cumulative total factor explained 38.067%,58.408%,70.148%,reflecting the emissions may be due to the human life and production activities,automobile pollution sources.Meteorological factors and atmospheric environment of five kinds of pollutants between the aggregate,is divided into two categories,the first category:PM_(10),SO_2,NO_2<air pressure<PM_(2.5);second categories:O_3,wind speed<wind direction,humidity<temperature.Atmospheric PM_(10) and PM_(2.5)health risk are 0.78×10^(-6)~1.64×10^(-6),0.52×10^(-6)~1.72×10^(-6) respectively,except in summer,and the remaining three seasons were for PM_(2.5)than that of PM_(10) values.This suggests that PM_(2.5)than PM_(10) hazards to human health will be greater.

关 键 词：黔江区 大气污染物 相关性分析 主成分分析 聚类分析 健康风险评估 

分 类 号：X823[环境科学与工程—环境工程]