2013—2015年临床感染的病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and drug-resistance analysis of pathogens causing infections for nearly 3 years

作　　者：叶峥嵘[1] 吴琳 

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学病原生物及检验学教研室,陕西咸阳712046 [2]咸阳市中心医院药剂科,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《安徽医药》2017年第3期511-513,共3页Anhui Medical and Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的分析近3年医院收治感染病人的病原菌分布及耐药性。方法回顾分析2013—2015年医院收治感染病人的各类标本病原菌检测结果,并采用WHONET5.6软件进行感染病原菌的分布及耐药性统计分析。结果 3年内分离出7 744株感染病原菌,其中革兰阴性菌5 501株占71.0%,革兰阳性菌1 909株占24.7%,真菌334株占4.3%;其中前5位的病原菌分别为大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷伯菌、表皮葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌;检出病原菌对大部分常见抗菌药物的耐药率较高,但革兰阴性菌对亚胺培南耐药率最低,为1.5%~40.0%,革兰阳性菌对万古霉素的耐药率为0.0。结论革兰阴性菌仍然是医院感染的主要病原菌,且病原菌耐药性严重;应加强对病原菌耐药性监测。Objective To analyze the distribution and drug-resistance of pathogens causing infections for nearly 3 years. Methods The detection results of pathogens isolated from clinical specimens during 2013-2015 were retrospectively analyzed. The distribution and drug-resistance of pathogens were statistically analyzed by Whonet 5. 6 software. Results A total of 7744 strains of pathogens were isolated from clinical specimens,including 5 501 strains of gram-negative bacteria(71. 0%),1 909 strains of gram-positive bacteria(24. 7%) and 334 strains of fungi(4. 3%). The Escherichia coli,Klebsiella pneumoniae,Staphylococcus epidermidis,Pseudomonas aeruginosa,and Acinetobacter baumannii ranked the top five species of pathogens. The drug-resistance rate of pathogen bacteria to the most common antimicrobial agents was higher. However,the drug-resistance rate of gram-negative strains to imipenem was the lowest(1. 5%-40. 0%),and the drug-resistance rate of gram-positive strains to vancomycin was 0. 0. Conclusions Gram negative bacteria are still the main pathogens of nosocomial infection. The drug resistance to these pathogens is severe. Therefore,it is vital to strengthen the monitoring of drug-resistance to pathogens.

关 键 词：细菌感染和真菌病 抗菌药 抗药性 微生物 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]