海底电缆Z分量横波噪音特征分析及衰减方法  

Characteristic analysis and attenuation of OBC geophone Zcomponent shear wave noise

作　　者：范宝仓[1] 陈文贵[1] 王海昆[1] 李庆收[1] FAN Baocang CHEN Wengui WANG Haikun LI Qingshou(COSL Geophysical Division,Tianjin 300451,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油田服务股份有限公司物探事业部,天津300451

出　　处：《中国海上油气》2017年第3期31-39,共9页China Offshore Oil and Gas

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划(863计划)"深水高精度地震勘探系统成套化研制(编号:2012AA09A211)";中国海洋石油总公司"十二五"科技重大项目"海上开发地震技术集成及应用研究(编号:CNOOC-KJ125 ZDXM06 LTD-10-KFSC-14)"部分研究成果

摘　　要：在海底电缆(OBC)多分量地震资料的处理中,陆检Z分量中除面波干扰外,还存在一种难消除的横波侧漏干扰噪音,这种横波噪音具有矢量性、振幅强、频带窄、相速度低的特点,并且在十字交叉排列的共检波点道集上表现为三维锥形特征。针对这种横波噪音特征,结合地震采集施工特点,提出在十字交叉域共检波点道集上的三维小波变换锥形滤波去噪方法。该方法通过小波变换,采用局部模拟噪声,仅针对干绕波存在区域内进行,回避了传统方法如F-K滤波等所带来的有效信息丢失问题,而且进行自适应的减法运算消除干扰,增强了去噪的保真度,实现了真正意义上的针对性去噪处理。该方法在渤海某区块实际资料的处理应用中取得了很好的噪音衰减效果,极大地提高了资料的信噪比。Besides surface wave interference, the geophone Z component noise from the shear wave leakage is difficult to be attenuated in OBC multi-components seismic data processing. This noise has the charac-teristics of vector, strong amplitude, narrow frequency, low phase velocity, and 3D cone-shaped in cross-spread receiver gather. Considering the characteristics of this noise and seismic acquisition, a new attenua-tion method of 3D cone-shaped filter using wavelet transform in cross-spread receiver gather is introduced. This method is based on wavelet transform and local analog noise, only used in the area which includes wave interference, and can avoid the effective information loss caused by conventional methods such as F-K filtering. Furthermore the adaptive subtraction attenuation can enhance the fidelity of de-noising, realizing the true sense of the targeted de-noising. The data processing and application in a block of the Bohai sea show the effect of noise attenuation, which greatly improves the SNR of the data.

关 键 词：海底电缆 Z分量 横波噪音 特征分析 十字交叉排列 小波域 锥形滤波 

分 类 号：P631.1[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]