电泳沉积法制备纳米Al/Bi_2O_3铝热剂薄膜的研究  

Preparation of Al/Bi_2O_3 Nanothermite Film by Electrophoresis Deposition

作　　者：马小霞[1] 胡艳[1] 张伟[1] 叶迎华[1] 沈瑞琪[1] MA Xiaoxia HU Yan ZHANG Wei YE Yinghua SHEN Ruiqi(School of Chemical Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Tec.hnology（Jiangsu Nanjing, 210094)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《爆破器材》2017年第3期1-5,共5页Explosive Materials

基　　金：基础研究计划(自然科学基金)青年基金项目(BK20140788)

摘　　要：采用电泳沉积法在铜基底上成功沉积了纳米Al/Bi_2O_3铝热剂薄膜。运用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电镜(FESEM)和能谱仪(EDS)等对铝热剂薄膜的物相和形貌进行了测量与分析,并通过对比单位面积铜基底沉积前后的质量、差示扫描量热法(DSC)和激光点火试验分别探讨了沉积时间对铝热剂薄膜的质量、放热性能和燃烧性能的影响。结果表明:电泳沉积法制备的Al/Bi_2O_3铝热剂薄膜具有良好的薄膜形貌,且纳米颗粒分散均匀。沉积时间在10 min以内时,薄膜沉积速率稳定在0.785 mg/(cm^2·min)时,单位质量的薄膜放热量不变;沉积时间超过10 min后,薄膜沉积速率下降,改变了铝热剂的当量比,导致单位质量的薄膜放热量减少,薄膜燃烧的火焰强度下降;确定最佳的沉积时间为10 min。The Al/Bi_2O_3 nanothermite film was successfully deposited on copper substrate by electrophoretic deposition method. X-ray diffraction( XRD),field emission scanning electron microscopy( FESEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer( EDS) were used to characterize the phase and morphology of the nanothermite film. The effects of deposition duration on the depositional mass,heat release and combustion performance of the films were investigated by comparison of mass per unit area of Cu substrate before and after deposition,differential scanning calorimetry( DSC) and laser ignition experiments,respectively. The results show well defined morphology and homogeneous dispersion of nanoparticles within the Al/Bi_2O_3 nanothermite film prepared by electrophoretic deposition. The deposition rate is rather stable having a value of about 0.785 mg/( cm^2·min) accompanied by a constant heat release rate per unit mass when the deposition duration is less than 10 min. After more than 10 min deposition,the deposition rate will decrease leading to the change of equivalent ratio of thermites and thus the decrease in heat release per unit mass and in the flame intensity of the film. The optimal deposition duration was confirmed as 10 min.

关 键 词：电泳沉积 纳米Al/Bi2O3铝热剂薄膜 放热性能 燃烧性能 

分 类 号：TQ560.7[化学工程—炸药化工]