注射式脱钙骨基质修复大鼠颅骨缺损的研究  

Research on the injectable demineralized bone matrix for the calvarial bone defect in a rat model

作　　者：李矛[1] 沈亚俊 赵彦涛[2] 侯树勋[2] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学西京医院,西安710032 [2]解放军总医院第一附属医院、北京市骨科植入医疗器械工程技术研究中心、全军骨科研究所,北京100048

出　　处：《中国骨与关节杂志》2017年第4期283-288,共6页Chinese Journal of Bone and Joint

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目No.81672130;军事医学项目13CXZ028,AWS14C007;北京市自然科学基金7152144;北京市科技新星项目Z1511000003150134;临床部项目2014ZD001

摘　　要：目的通过改良脱钙方法制备注射式脱钙骨基质(demineralized bone matrix,DBM),对其理化性质和修复骨缺损能力进行观察评估。方法采用改良的动态脱钙和二次换酸等工艺制备DBM,通过扫描电镜对其表面形貌进行观察,连续光源原子吸收光谱仪测定钙含量,利用赋形剂将DBM颗粒制备成可注射式DBM。在大鼠颅骨缺损模型中,分别植入传统方法制备的注射式DBM 1和改良方法制备的DBM 2,并设定空白对照组。在术后4周和8周分别将大鼠颅骨取材,通过Micro-CT影像学检查以及组织病理切片来观察颅骨缺损部位骨修复情况,对新生骨进行定量比较。结果改良脱钙的DBM 2与传统方法制备的DBM 1相比,其表面形貌无明显改变,钙含量百分比均明显低于行业要求的标准值。术后4周和8周的Micro-CT提示:DBM 2组新骨形成量为(4.6±0.8)mm^3和(7.6±1.4)mm^3,百分比为(30.5±5.3)%和(51.4±9.5)%;DBM 1组新骨形成体积为(3.6±0.6)mm^3和(6.2±0.9)mm^3,百分比为(23.8±4.0)%和(41.9±6.1)%;空白组新骨形成体积为(1.3±0.4)mm^3和(2.1±0.8)mm^3,百分比为(8.6±2.6)%和(14.2±5.4)%,DBM 2组明显优于DBM 1组和空白组(P<0.05)。术后8周的HE染色提示:DBM 2组中新生骨的形成量明显多于DBM 1组和空白组。结论利用动态脱钙等改良工艺制备的注射用DBM 2较传统方法制备的DBM 1,更有利于修复骨缺损,工艺耗时短,更有利于工业化生产。Objective To obverse and evaluate the physicochemical properties and ability to repair bone defects of injectable demineralized bone matrix（ DBM） prepared by a modified decalcification technique. Methods The DBM was prepared by the modified dynamic decalcification and double circle acid treatment method. The surface topography and composition were observed through a scanning electron microscope（ SEM）. And a continuum-source atomic absorption spectrometry（ CS-AAS） was used to determine the samples＇ calcium content. The injectable DBM was prepared from DBM granules by using the excipient. We implanted the DBM 1（ the traditional method） and DBM 2（ the modified dynamic decalcification and double circle acid treatment method） into the rat calvarial defect model. A blank control group was set. Rats were euthanised at 4 and 8 weeks after the operation. The repair effects of rat calvarial defects were evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histological analyses, with quantitative comparison of the new bone. Results There were no obvious differences in the surface topography and composition between the DBM 1 and DBM 2. The calcium content was significantly lower than the standard value. The microcomputed tomography analyses consistently revealed that the bone volume of newly formed bone（ BV-NFB） and the percentage of the BV-NFB were（ 4.6 ± 0.8） mm^3,（ 30.5 ± 5.3） %（ 4 w） and（ 7.6 ± 1.4） mm^3,（ 51.4 ± 9.5） %（ 8 w） in the DBM 2 group;（ 3.6 ± 0.6） mm^3,（ 23.8 ± 4.0） %（ 4 w） and（ 6.2 ± 0.9） mm^3,（ 41.9 ± 6.1） %（ 8 w） in the DBM 1 group;（ 1.3 ± 0.4） mm^3,（ 8.6 ± 2.6） %（ 4 w） and（ 2.1 ± 0.8） mm^3,（ 14.2 ± 5.4） %（ 8 w） in the blank control group. The DBM 2 group was superior to both the DBM 1 group and the blank control group（ P〈 0.05）.The histological analyses at 8 w after the operation indicated the more new bone formed in the DBM 2 group than the DBM 1 group and the blank control group. Conclusions The DBM 2

关 键 词：脱钙技术 大鼠 颅骨 脱钙骨基质 

分 类 号：R318.08[医药卫生—生物医学工程] R651[医药卫生—基础医学]