聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂类农药助剂的环境行为特性综述  

A Review on the Environmental Behavior of the Polyoxyethylene Type Nonionic Surfactants Adjuvants in Pesticides

作　　者：孔祥吉[1,2] 韦笑[3] 王娜[1,2] 卜元卿[1,2] 单正军[1,2] KONG Xiang-ji WEI Xiao WANG Na BU Yuan-qing SHAN Zheng-jun(Nanjing Institute of Environmental Sciences, MEP, Nanjing 210042, China Laboratory of Pesticides Environmental Assessment and Control, Nanjing 210042, China Nanjing University of Information Science ＆ Technology, Nanjing 210044, China)

机构地区：[1]环境保护部南京环境科学研究所,江苏南京210042 [2]国家环境保护农药环境评价与污染控制重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [3]南京信息工程大学,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2017年第3期197-206,共10页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：2013年度环保公益性行业科研专项"农药助剂环境风险评估及管理研究"(201309026)

摘　　要：聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂烷基酚聚氧乙烯醚(APEOs)、醇基聚氧乙烯醚(AEOs)以及烷基胺聚氧乙烯醚(ANEOs)是几类典型的农药助剂,其环境行为特性主要体现在分配系数、土壤吸附性和降解性等参数上。这些化合物主要的环境问题在于其部分代谢物的环境风险较高。本文基于几类聚氧乙烯型非离子表面活性剂助剂的结构特征,综述了其在环境中的分布、归趋及对环境的影响。Polyoxyethylene type nonionic surfactants such as alkylphenol ethoxylates （APEOs）, alcohol ethoxylates （AEOs） and alkylamine ethoxylates （ANEOs） are typical pesticide adjuvants. Their unique environmental behavior characteristic is reflected in the parameters describing the fate e.g.distribution coefficient, adsorption to soil, degradation and effects of these substances. The major environmental problem related to these compounds is their part metabolites＇ relatively higher environmental risk. In views of their chemical structure, this paper outlined present knowledge on occurrence, fate and environment effect of the three adjuvants：AEOs, ANEOs and APEOs. The adsorption behaviour of ANEOs in contrast to AEOs was particularly variable and matrix dependent due to the ability of the compound to ionise at environmentally relevant pH. Probably because the compounds exceeded high soil adsorption and were easily degradable which were reflected in the low environmental concentrations generally found in monitoring studies.

关 键 词：非离子表面活性剂 环境分布 生物降解 

分 类 号：X592[环境科学与工程—环境工程]