考虑鱼类繁衍需求的三峡水库汛期调度要求及可行性探讨  

Discussion on requirement and feasibility of the Three Gorges Reservoir regulation in flood season considering fish reproduction

作　　者：马超[1] 赵明[1] 孙萧仲 唐志波[1] 郭鑫宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津大学水利工程仿真与安全国家重点实验室,天津300072

出　　处：《水资源与水工程学报》2017年第1期109-113,共5页Journal of Water Resources and Water Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0402203);国家自然科学基金青年基金项目(51109156)

摘　　要：长江中下游鱼卵数量急剧减少,鱼类繁衍期推迟。针对鱼类繁衍需求,本文通过总结鱼类繁衍条件,提出鱼类繁衍期三峡水库泄流要求及生态调度方案,并计算分析历史径流满足生态调度方案的程度;通过建立繁衍前期和繁衍期来流关联,提出天然径流不满足情况下的预蓄调度方案并探讨其可行性。结果表明:2004-2013年三峡水库入库径流满足生态调度方案的程度较低,需采取预蓄水量措施;在实际入库径流情况下,预蓄水位范围为145.00~159.34 m;在80%概率入库径流下,预蓄水位范围为145.00~156.63 m。如按80%概率的入库径流预蓄水量,当预报预泄期为7天时,预蓄调度方案不会增加三峡水库的防洪风险。The number of fish larval in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River has decreased dramatically, meanwhile the time of fish spawning has delayed. In this study, the discharge requirements and ecological regulation schemes of the Three Gorges Reservoir during fish reproduction periodwere put forward according to the summarized fish reproduction conditions. And the satisfaction degree, for which the historical runoff met the ecological scheduling schemes, was calculated and analyzed. By establishing the connections between the pre-reproduction and the reproduction periods, discussing the feasibility of the pre-storage scheduling scheme when runoff cant meet the scheme. The results showed that, the inflow runoff of the Three Gorges reservoir from 2004 to 2013 had a low degree to satisf degree the ecological regulation schemes and needed to take pre-storage measures. The range of pre-storage water levels were 145.00 - 159.34 m under the actual inflow runoff conditions and 145.00 - 156.63m under the 80% probability of inflow runoff. If the reservoir pre-store the water at the 80% probability of inflow runoff, the pre-storage scheme would not increase the flood control risk of the Three Gorges Reservoir when using the forecasted 7 day pre-discharge.

关 键 词：鱼类繁衍 汛期调度 预蓄调度 可行性探讨 三峡水库 

分 类 号：TV697[水利工程—水利水电工程] TV697.42