学龄前儿童利他行为与抑制控制关系的实验研究  

Experimental study of association between altruistic behavior and inhibitory control in preschool child

作　　者：肖启蓬 戴美霞[1] 刘步云[1] 杨文翰[1] 王旭祥[1] 静进[1] XIAO Qi-peng DAI Mei-xia LIU Bu-yun YANG Wen-han WANG Xu-xiang JING Jin(Faculty of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, SUN Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China)

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院妇幼卫生系,广东广州510080

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2017年第5期437-439,447,共4页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81573169)

摘　　要：目的探索学龄前儿童利他行为与抑制控制能力间的关系和可能的机制问题。方法通过独裁者游戏(DG)、白天黑夜任务、兔狼任务及礼物延迟任务4种实验范式对131名学龄前儿童[男66名,女65名,平均年龄(5.1±0.9)岁]进行了测试分析。结果 1)具有分享行为儿童的延迟满足能力明显高于无分享行为的儿童(t=-3.392,P<0.001);2)分享程度不同的儿童在冲突抑制(F=3.579,P=0.031)和反应抑制(F=4.235,P=0.017)能力上差异有统计学意义;3)延迟满足是反映入组儿童利他行为的重要指标之一(χ~2=14.745,P=0.001)。结论学龄前儿童的利他行为具有分化特质,不同利他行为儿童的延迟满足能力存在差异。Objective To analyse the association between altruistic behavior and inhibitory control and their mecha- nism. Method A total of 131 preschool children [66 boys and 65 girls,average age （5.1--4-_0.9）] were tested using dicta- tor game,day-night task,bear-dragon task and gift delay task. Results 1） The ability of delay of gratification of children with altruistic behavior was apparently higher than that of children without altruistic behavior （t =- 3. 392,P〈0. 001）;2） The ability of interference inhibition （F=3. 579 ,P=0. 031） and response inhibition （F=4. 235 ,P=0. 017） of different lev- el of sharing had a significantly different;3） The ability of delay of gratification was one of indicators of altruistic behavior （x^2= 14. 745,P= 0. 001）. Conclusions The altruistic behavior of preschool children is different. The ability of delay of gratification between children with/without altruistic behavior is different.

关 键 词：利他行为 抑制控制 延迟满足 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]