5012名单胎活产儿小于胎龄儿和大于胎龄儿发生率及其影响因素研究  

Study on the incidence and determinants of small gestational age and large gestational age among 5012 infants with single fetus and live birth

作　　者：李辉霞[1] 冯娜[1] 郑剑飞[2] 罗中文[1] 胡杨[3] 罗家有[4] LI Hui-xia 1 FENG Na 1 ZHENG Jian-fei 2 L UO Zhong-wen 1 HU Yang 3 LUO Jia-you 4 1 Hunan Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Changsha Hunan 410008 China; 2 Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University

机构地区：[1]湖南省妇幼保健院,湖南长沙410008 [2]中南大学湘雅二医院,湖南长沙410011 [3]湖南省儿童医院,湖南长沙410007 [4]中南大学湘雅公共卫生学院,湖南长沙410008

出　　处：《中国儿童保健杂志》2017年第5期463-466,477,共5页Chinese Journal of Child Health Care

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(81172680)

摘　　要：目的了解湖南省两市小于胎龄儿(SGA)和大于胎龄儿(LGA)的发生率,并分析其影响因素,为预防SGA和LGA的发生提供理论依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,选择2016年1-6月在湖南省株洲市和湘潭市当地助产机构住院分娩的孕妇作为研究对象,收集孕妇及其丈夫的社会人口学特征、家庭经济情况和妊娠情况,记录新生儿出生结局。运用χ2检验和Fisher确切概率法进行单因素的SGA和LGA发生率比较,采用无序多分类Logistic回归模型进行多因素SGA和LGA的影响因素分析。结果 SGA发生率为6.5%(328/5 012),LGA发生率为7.9%(394/5 012)。无序多分类Logistic回归模型显示,孕妇孕期进行规范产前检查为SGA和LGA共同的保护因素,孕期贫血和妊娠期高血压疾病是SGA的危险因素,妊娠糖尿病、孕妇年龄≥35岁、丈夫年龄≥30岁是LGA的危险因素。结论孕妇孕期进行规范产前检查可降低SGA和LGA的发生风险,孕期贫血和妊娠期高血压疾病会增加SGA的发生风险,妊娠糖尿病、孕妇高龄和丈夫高龄会增加LGA的发生风险。Objective To understand the incidence of small gestational age （SGA） and large gestational age （LGA） in- fants in two cities of Hunan province,and analyze their determinants to provide evidence for prevention on SGA and LGA in- fants. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select the subjects,who were pregnant women hospital- ized in local midwifery institutions in Zhuzhou city and Xiangtan city of Hunan province from January 2016 to June 2016. The sociodemographic characteristics of parents, family economic status and conditions related to the pregnancy were collect- ed,and the birth information of the neonates was recorded. Chi-square test and Fisher probabilities method were used to compare the incidence of SGA and LGA infants, and multinomial Logistic regression was used to analyze the determinants of SGA and LGA infants. Results The incidence of SGA infants was 6.5% （328/5 012） ,and 7.9% （394/5 012） for LGA infants. The multinomial Logistic regression showed that the regulatory prenatal examination during pregnancy was the com- mon protective factor for SGA and LGA,anemia during pregnancy and hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy were the independent risk factors for SGA,diabetes mellitus complicating pregnancy, maternal age ~ 35 years, and paternal age 30 years were the independent risk factors for LGA. Conclusion Regulatory prenatal examination would decrease the risk of SGA and LGA,anemia during pregnancy and hypertensive disorders complicating pregnancy would increase the risk of SGA, diabetes mellitus complicating pregnancy, increasing maternal age and paternal age would increase the risk of LGA.

关 键 词：小于胎龄儿 大于胎龄儿 发生率 影响因素 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]