不同性别COPD患者对诊断和治疗方面的认知  

Cognition on the diagnosis and treatment of COPD patients in different genders

作　　者：吴国霞[1] 米文君 陈亚红[2] Wu Guoxia Mi Wenjun Chen Yahong(Department of Respiratory Medicine, Yanqing Teaching Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 102100, China)

机构地区：[1]北京大学第三医院延庆医院 首都医科大学延庆教学医院呼吸科,102100 [2]北京大学第三医院呼吸与危重症医学科,100191

出　　处：《国际呼吸杂志》2017年第7期499-504,共6页International Journal of Respiration

摘　　要：目的研究不同性别对COPD患者的认知以及诊疗行为的影响。方法收集2007年1月至12月北京大学第三医院呼吸内科门诊就诊的稳定期COPD患者，采用横断面研究方法，所有入选患者由研究者面对面进行“COPD患者对疾病认知程度的问卷调查”，运用SPSS22．0软件对数据进行处理。结果共177例患者入选，其中男性126例（71．2％），女性51例（28．8％）。男女患者年龄、BMI和收入等差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。与男性患者相比，女性患者中，从不吸烟者比例很高（62．7％vs12．7％，P〈0．01），戒烟者比例较低（27．5％VS65．9％，P〈0．01），吸烟包年明显低于男性患者[0（0～7．5）VS30（10～45），P〈0．01]。女性患者中小学以下文化程度者（21．6％vs6．3％，P〈0．01）和无工作者的比例（29．4％vs11．9％，P〈0．01）较男性患者大。在肺功能方面，女性COPD患者FEV1／FVC[（58．7±9．8）% vs（55．0±10．9）%，P〈0．05]稍比男性好，VC则低于男性患者[（69．6±19．6）％vs（78．8±19．5）％，P〈0．01]。女性患者合并脑血管病的比例较男性患者更低（0．O％vs10．3％，P〈0．05）。女性患者知晓肺功能结果的比例较男性患者稍高（17．6％vs7．9％，P=0．059）。结论女性患者对COPD的认知及诊疗中的行为与男性患者存在一定的差异，临床医师需要对女性患者给予关注。Objective To study the influence of different genders on COPD patient＇s cognition and behavior. Methods Collected the information of the patients in the stable phase who visited the department of respiratory medicine of peking university third hospital. With the cross-sectional study method, the researchers would ask the selected patients to complete face-to-face questionnaires about their recognition degree towards the COPD. The data was statistically analyzed through the SPSS 22.0 software. Results This study totally has selected 177 patients, among which, there were 126 males （71.2%） and 51 females （28.8%）. There was no statistical difference in age, BMI and income for different genders of patients （ P 〉0.05）. Compared with male patients, the percentage of female patients who have never smoked was much higher （62.7 % vs 12.7 %, P 〈 0.01） ; the percentage of female exsmokers was lower （27.5% vs 65.9%, P 〈0.01） while the pack-year of female smokers was obviously smaller than male patients [0 （0-7.5） vs 30 （10-45）, P 〈 0.01] ; both the percentage of female patients under primary school education level （21.6% vs 6.3%, P 〈0.01） and the rate of unemployed female patients （29.4 % vs 11.9 %, P 〈0.01） were much higher than male＇s. As to the lung functions, the FEV1 / FVC of female COPD patients was a little better than that of male ones [（58.7 ± 9.8）% vs （55.0 ± 10.9） %, P 〈0.05],while VC[（69.6±19.6）% vs （78.8±19.5）%, P 〈0.01] was lower than male＇s. Besides, the rate of female COPD patients who have complicated with cerebrovascular diseases was lower than that of male＇s patients （0 vs 10.3%, P 〈0.05）, while the percentage of female patients who knew the lung function results （17.6% vs 7.90%, P =0.059） was higher than male＇s. Conclusions The female patients＇ cognition on the COPD and their behaviors in the treatment are different from those of male patients. Clinicians should pay close attention to female patients.

关 键 词：慢性阻塞性肺疾病 性别 合并症 治疗 认知 

分 类 号：R563.9[医药卫生—呼吸系统]