‘长富2号’苹果短枝幼果摘除对芽叶可溶性糖积累和成花相关基因表达的影响  

Effects of De-fruit Treatment on Soluble Sugar Accumulation and Expression of Flowering-related Genes in Terminal Spur Buds and Leaves of ‘Fuji’ Apple

作　　者：杜利莎 齐思言 马娟娟[1] 邢利博[1] 樊胜[1] 李有梅[1] 张东[1] 赵彩平[1] 韩明玉[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《园艺学报》2017年第4期622-632,共11页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD20B03);国家星火计划项目(2014GA850002);国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-28);国家苹果改良中心杨凌分中心;陕西省农业科技创新与攻关项目(2015NY114);陕西省果业发展协同中心和陕西果业发展项目;国家自然科学基金项目(31672101)

摘　　要：以‘长富2号’苹果为材料,在盛花期后31d进行短枝摘果处理,研究处理后短枝顶芽生长状态、成花率以及短枝芽叶可溶性糖(蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖及山梨醇)的动态变化,并利用实时荧光定量PCR检测顶芽糖代谢相关基因(MdSPS6、MdSUSY1、MdHXK1、MdSUT1)、MdTPS基因和成花相关基因(MdFT、MdFD、MdCO、MdSOC1、MdLFY、MdAP1)的表达模式。结果表明:摘果处理后,短枝顶芽长度、宽度及鲜样质量有一定的增加,次年成花率显著高于对照;短枝顶芽中蔗糖、果糖、山梨醇变化较为明显,在生理分化后期都显著高于对照,而葡萄糖含量变化较小;短枝叶片中,4种可溶性糖含量第1个高峰由盛花期后60 d提前至40 d;顶芽糖代谢相关基因及3个MdTPS基因(MdTPS1-1~MdTPS1-3)都响应摘果处理;MdFT、MdFD、MdCO、MdSOC1和MdLFY等的表达在盛花期后40 d均有显著的上调,其中MdLFY的变化最为明显,而MdAP1在整个生理分化期与对照无显著差异。‘Fuji’apple trees were de-fruited at 31 days after full bloom. The bud growth,flowering rate,and endogenous sugar levels in terminal spur buds and bud-adjacent leaves were surveyed. Additionally,genes associated with sugar metabolism（e.g.,MdSPS6,MdSUSY1,MdHXK1 and MdSUT1）and flowering（e.g.,MdFT,MdFD,MdCO,MdSOC1,MdLFY and MdAP1）as well as three MdTPS genes in apple terminal spur buds were studied by quantitative real-time PCR. The results revealed that de-fruit treatment improved the flowering rate and increased bud size and fresh weight. The content of sucrose,fructose and sorbitol in terminal spur buds had obvious changes,which were significantly higher than in the control during late stage of flower buds physiological differentiation,while the glucose content changed little. In spur leaves,de-fruit treatment advanced the first peak of 4 soluble sugars from 60 to 40 days after full bloom. Genes associated with sugar metabolism and 3 MdTPS in terminal buds all responded to de-fruit treatment. Furthermore,the expression of MdFT,MdFD,MdCO,MdSOC1,MdLFY were significantly up-regulated at 40 days after full bloom. The change of MdLFY was the most obvious,while MdAP1 had no significant difference compared with the control in the whole physiological differentiation period.

关 键 词：苹果 摘果 成花 可溶性糖 基因表达 

分 类 号：S661.1[农业科学—果树学]