2013-2015年马鞍山地区泌尿生殖道感染支原体耐药趋势分析  

Analysis of Trend in Drug Resistance of Mycoplasma in Genitourinary Tract Infection in Maanshan area from 2013 to 2015

作　　者：潘廷猛[1] 胡金桓 王鑫[1] 陈雪路[1] 汪凯凡[3] 唐的木[3] 

机构地区：[1]马鞍山十七冶医院皮肤科,安徽马鞍山24300 [2]马鞍山市市立医疗集团临床检验中心,安徽马鞍山243000 [3]马鞍山市人民医院皮肤科,安徽马鞍山243000

出　　处：《中国皮肤性病学杂志》2017年第5期531-533,536,共4页The Chinese Journal of Dermatovenereology

摘　　要：目的了解马鞍山地区泌尿生殖道非淋球菌感染男女患者的支原体耐药差异及变化趋势,为临床合理使用抗生素提供指导。方法采用解脲支原体(UU)和人型支原体(MH)培养鉴定药敏试剂盒,对2013-2015年我院皮肤科、泌尿科及妇产科的2 357例送检标本进行培养和药敏试验,用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2 357例送检标本中,检出支原体1 040例,检出率为44.12%。女性患者检出率(837例,56.17%)明显高于男性患者检出率(203例,23.41%)。美满霉素及强力霉素敏感率最高(>95%),其次为克拉霉素(>85%),对喹诺酮类抗生素的敏感率较低,其中氧氟沙星及左氧氟沙星敏感率低于20%。男性患者对交沙霉素、克拉霉素、罗红霉素、斯帕沙星、左氧氟沙星和阿奇霉素敏感率明显高于女性患者(P<0.05)。男性患者支原体对交沙霉素、克拉霉素、罗红霉素和阿奇霉素的敏感率呈逐年上升趋势(P<0.05)。女性患者支原体对交沙霉素、罗红霉素和阿奇霉素敏感率呈逐年上升趋势,克拉霉素三年间的敏感率波动较大(P<0.05)。结论马鞍山地区男女性患者对抗生素药物的敏感性存在差异,男性患者支原体感染对多种抗生素的敏感率高于女性患者,敏感率较高且稳定的依次为美满霉素、强力霉素及克拉霉素,而女性患者仅对前二者敏感率较高且稳定。Objective To reveal the trend in the drug resistance of mycoplasma in genitourinary tract infection in males and females in Maanshan in order to guide the rational use of antibiotics.Methods Ureaplasma urealyticum（UU）and mycoplasma hominis（MH）kits were used to culture specimens of 2 357 subjects from departments of dermatology, urology and gynaecology ＆ obstetrics in our hospital from 2013 to 2015.Drug resistance was also tested in the cultures.The statistical analyses were performed using the software of SPSS, version 22.0.Results 44.12% of specimens（1 040/2 357）were positive for mycoplasma.Positive rates in females were higher than that in males（56.17% vs.23.41%）.Mycoplasmas from over 95% of specimens were sensitive to Minocycline and Doxycycline, and 85% sensitive to Clarithromycin.Sensitivity of mycoplasmas to Quinolone antibiotics was low.Mycoplasmas were sensitive to Ofloxacin and Levofloxacin only in 20% of specimens.The sensitive rates of mycoplasmas to Josamycin, Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin, Sparfloxacin, Levofloxacin and Azithromycin were higher in males than in females（P〈0.05）.The sensitive rates of mycoplasmas to Josamycin, Clarithromycin, Roxithromycin and Azithromycin trended to increase in males over recent years（P〈0.05）, while in the females sensitive rates to Josamycin, Roxithromycin and Azithromycin increased annually（P〈0.05）.The sensitive rates of mycoplasmas to Clarithromycin varied over the last three years.Conclusion The sensitive rates of mycoplasmas to antibiotics differ between males and female in Maanshan.The sensitive rates of mycoplasmas to multiple antibiotics are higher in males than in females.The highest sensitive rate of mycoplasmas and stable is to Minocycline, followed by Doxycycline and Clarithromycin in males.Mycoplasmas from females exhibit stable and high sensitive rates only to Minocycline and doxycycline.

关 键 词：泌尿生殖道 解脲脲支原体 人型支原体 敏感性 

分 类 号：R691.3[医药卫生—泌尿科学]