论西北边境口岸的特点及发展路径  

On the Characteristics and Development Path of Northwest Border Ports

作　　者：徐黎丽[1] 杨亚雄[1] XU Li-li YANG Ya-xiong(Center for Northwest Ethnic Studies, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, 730020, PR)

机构地区：[1]兰州大学西北少数民族研究中心,甘肃兰州730020

出　　处：《西北师大学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期76-85,共10页Journal of Northwest Normal University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地兰州大学西北少数民族研究中心重大项目"‘一带一路’视角下的中国西北边疆治理方略研究"(16JJD850006)

摘　　要：从甘肃肃北蒙古族自治县到新疆喀什市所辖广大西北边境区域,分布着16个铁路、公路口岸。它们的共同特点是:1.虽严重受自然地理和气候条件限制,但交通、战略、商贸、农牧、矿产、旅游资源丰富;2.均是在丝绸之路和长城沿线驿站基础上发展起来的,具有悠久的历史和深厚的文化积淀;3.这些口岸的基础建设、边境管理、商贸功能发挥正常,但与当地社会和对应国家的文化外交关系有待提升;4.稀疏的边境口岸不能满足国境线漫长、地域辽阔的西北边境区域的发展需要。口岸的发展关系到国家边疆整体发展,鉴于西北边境口岸受自然条件限制、经济发展滞后、边疆事端较多等因素影响,在梳理其特点的基础上,提出西北边境口岸的发展路径为:保护西北生态环境及其资源是西北边境口岸遵守人与自然和谐理念的发展基础;收集整理口岸传统历史民族文化资源是西北边境口岸发展的根源与依据;与口岸所在地跨国民族与各职业群体共同发展是实现西北边境口岸以通兴边的途径;开放所有口岸,在重要战略区域开发新的口岸是西北边境口岸未来发展的方向。There are 16 border ports, including railway and highway ports in the vast majority of northwest border areas from Mongolian autonomous county of Subei in Gansu to Kashi city in Xinjiang. The common characteristics of ports are： Firstly, They have rich resource of transportation, commerce, agriculture, animal husbandry, minerals, tourism although they are severely restricted by geographical and climatic conditions; Secondly, The development ports is based on the Silk Road and the Great Wall with long history and profound culture; Thirdly, the infrastructure, border management and trading of these ports works normally, but the cultural and diplomatic relations between the local societies and the counterparts of corresponding countries need to be improved; Fourthly, The sparsely distributed border ports cannot meet the need of the development of the long northwest border areas. Therefore, the development paths are as follows： To protect ecological environment and resources of the northwest areas is the foundation of the development of the northwest border ports with the concept of harmony between human and nature; To collect and organize the resources of tradition, history, ethnicities, culture of the northwest areas is the basis of development of the ports; To develop together with local transnational ethnic groups and occupational groups is the way to realize the rising of the ports by communication; To open all existing ports and build new ports in important and strategic areas is the direction of future development of the ports.

关 键 词：西北边境口岸 特点 发展路径 

分 类 号：F752.8[经济管理—国际贸易]